A new subspecies of the European cerambycid Saperda
populnea (Linnaeus, 1758) is described: Saperda
populnea
lapponica
ssp. n. based on specimens from Scandinavia. The male genitalia characters were examined and found to provide support for this separation, as well as differences in morphology, geographical distribution and bionomy. The preferred host tree for the nominate subspecies S.
populnea
populnea is Populus
tremula L., whereas S.
populnea
lapponica
ssp. n. is considered to be monophagous on Salix
lapponum L. DNA sequence data of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) was generated from Scandinavian specimens of S.
populnea
populnea and specimens representing S.
populnea
lapponica
ssp. n. The two subspecies were not reciprocally monophyletic and genetic distances in COI were small. All synonyms of S.
populnea
populnea have been considered, and species similar to S.
populnea
populnea have been examined, and not found to be related to S.
populnea
lapponica
ssp. n. A male lectotype has been designated for each of the two following synonyms: Cerambyx
decempunctatus De Geer, 1775, and Saperda
salicis Zetterstedt, 1818. The synonymised species from Asia, S.
balsamifera (Motshulsky, 1860), is elevated to subspecies: S.
populnea
balsamifera
stat. n. We end with a discussion on the definition of subspecies under the unified species concept.