Reinforcing potential of micro- and nano-sized fibers in the starch-based biocomposites

Soykeabkaew, Nattakan; Laosat, Nittaya; Ngaokla, Atitaya; Yodsuwan, Natthawut; Tunkasiri, Tawee

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.02.015

Cited by 102 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The equilibrium water uptake of the composites is plotted in Fig. 8 showing that water absorption decreases with fiber content, as reported in the literature [12,14,15,18,40]. Although the effect of the three fibers is very similar, it is clear from Fig.…”

Section: The Effect Of Fiber Properties On the Water Absorption Of Tpmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The absorption of excessive water weakens all the properties of TPS. Earlier studies showed that the reinforcement of TPS with natural fibers decreases its water uptake, therefore it results in the improvement of composite characteristics [12,14,15,18,40].…”

Section: The Effect Of Fiber Properties On the Water Absorption Of Tpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of them study the influence of fiber type and amount usually by determining properties at one or two fiber contents. All kinds of fibers have been used as filler in TPS including various forms of cellulose [6,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], jute [18,[25][26][27], sisal [28][29][30][31][32][33], wheat straw [13], flax [23,34] hemp [13,28,35,36], cotton [13,37,38], flax [19,39], ramie [20,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermoplastic Starch/Wood Composites: Effect of Processing Technology, Interfacial Interactions and Particle Characteristics

Fekete

Kun

Móczó

2017

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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IntroductionRecently a growing interest has been shown in the application of biopolymers as packaging materials in order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by plastic waste and to achieve sustainable development. Starch is considered as one of the most promising biopolymers because it is readily available, cheap and biodegradable. Starch is a semicrystalline polymer and it represents the major form of stored carbohydrates in plants. Starch is a mixture of two substances composed of α-D glucopyranosyl repeating units, an essentially linear polysaccharide-amylose and a highly branched polysaccharideamylopectin. One of the major problems with granular starch is its limited processability, which can be improved by the use of plasticizers. Thermoplastic starch can be obtained by the destruction of the starch granules in the presence of plasticizers under specific conditions. Polyols such as glycerol, glycols as well as water are the most widely used plasticizers [1][2][3]. The main disadvantages of TPS are its pronounced hydrophilic character and inadequate mechanical properties. The inferior properties of TPS can be improved by the incorporation of other materials (natural fibers, nanoclays, or other biodegradable polymers) [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].A considerable number of papers deal with the effect of natural fibers on the properties of thermoplastic starch. Most of them study the influence of fiber type and amount usually by determining properties at one or two fiber contents. All kinds of fibers have been used as filler in TPS including various forms of cellulose [6,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], jute [18,[25][26][27], sisal [28][29][30][31][32][33], wheat straw [13], flax [23,34] hemp [13,28,35,36], cotton [13,37,38], flax [19,39], ramie [20,40].According to the existing literature a relatively small number of papers have been published which consider the practical relevance of TPS/wood composites [7,[41][42][43][44][45][46]. There are even fewer paper about systematic experiments carried out as a function of fiber content in a wide composition range [2,41,42], furthermore, it is very difficult to find publications on the effect of processing methods on the properties of TPS/wood composites. In our earlier work we investigated different TPS/wood composites prepared by injection molding [47].

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Section: The Effect Of Fiber Properties On the Water Absorption Of Tpmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: The Effect Of Fiber Properties On the Water Absorption Of Tpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermoplastic Starch/Wood Composites: Effect of Processing Technology, Interfacial Interactions and Particle Characteristics

Fekete

Kun

Móczó

2017

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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“…The high stiffness, low density, and eco-friendly nature of cellulose nanocrystals as reinforcing agents in nanocomposite materials with improved thermal and mechanical properties are some of the other benefits of nanocomposites (Soykeabkaew et al 2012). A variety of biodegradable reinforcements such as flax, hemp, jute, rice husk, and pineapple leaf fiber have been used for the preparation of nanocomposites (Faruk et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Composite Films based on κ-carrageenan Reinforced by Cellulose Nanocrystal from Kenaf Fibers

Zarina¹,

Ahmad²

2014

BioResources

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Through alkali treatment, bleaching, and sulfuric acid hydrolysis, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were prepared from kenaf fibers and were used as reinforcement materials in biocomposites based on κ-carrageenan. Biocomposites in the form of films were prepared by solution casting of a mixture of κ-carrageenan, glycerol, and various amounts of CNCs (0 to 8 wt%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that alkali treatment followed by bleaching totally removed lignin and hemicellulose from the kenaf. Morphological analysis of the fibers, cellulose, and κ-carrageenan of biocomposite films were carried out using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of filler content on the mechanical and thermal stability of the k-carrageenan biocomposite films were analyzed through tensile strength measurements and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). At an optimum CNC content of 4%, the κ-carrageenan biocomposite films showed good dispersion, superior mechanical properties, and improved thermal stability.

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“…Most of them study the influence of fiber type and amount usually determining properties at one or two fiber contents. All kinds of fibers have been used as reinforcement in TPS including various forms of cellulose (Avérous et al 2001 (natural cellulose fibers from leafwood); Ayadi & Dole 2011 (natural cellulose fibers from leafwood); Benezet et al 2012 (wheat straw fibers, hemp fibers, cotton linter fibers); Curvelo et al 2001 (bleach pulp fiber); Ma et al 2005 (micro winceyette fibers) ;Martins et al 2009 (bacterial cellulose and vegetable cellulose fibers); Muller et al 2009;Soykeabkaew et al 2012 (bacterial cellulose); Soykeabkaew et al 2004 (jute and flax fibers); Sreekala et al 2008), jute (Soykeabkaew et al 2012;Torres et al 2007;Wollerdorfer & Bader 1998), sisal (Girones et al 2012;Sreekumar et al 2010a;Sreekumar et al 2010b;Torres et al 2007;Wang et al 2012), wheat straw (Benezet et al 2012), hemp (Benezet et al 2012;Girones et al 2012;Kunanopparat et al 2008;Ochi 2006), cotton (Benezet et al 2012;Moriana et al 2010;Prachayawarakorn et al 2010), flax (Saiah et al 2009;Soykeabkaew et al 2004), ramie (Lu et al 2006;Sreekala et al 2008), etc. Somewhat less papers deal with TPS/wood composites (Abbott et al 2012;Agnantopoulou et al 2012;Avérous & Boquillon 2004;Chakraborty et al 2007;Kuciel et al 2012;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic starch/wood composites: Interfacial interactions and functional properties

Müller

Renner

Móczó

et al. 2014

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Thermoplastic starch (TPS)/wood composites were prepared from starch plasticized with 36 wt% glycerol. The components were homogenized by dry-blending, extruded and injection molded to tensile bars. Tensile properties, structure, deformation, water adsorption and shrinkage were determined as a function of wood content, which changed between 0 and 40 vol% in 7 steps. The modification of TPS with wood particles improves several properties considerably. Stiffness and strength increases, and the effect is stronger for fibers with larger aspect ratio. Wood fibers reinforce TPS considerably due to poor matrix properties and strong interfacial interactions, the latter resulting in the decreased mobility of starch molecules and in the fracture of large wood particles during deformation.Strong interfacial adhesion leads to smaller water absorption than predicted from additivity, but water uptake remains relatively large even in the presence of wood particles. The shrinkage of injection molded TPS parts is very large, around 10 %, and dimensional changes occur on a very long timescale of several hundred hours. Shrinkage decreases to a low level already at 15-20 vol% wood content rendering the composites good dimensional stability.

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Reinforcing potential of micro- and nano-sized fibers in the starch-based biocomposites

Cited by 102 publications

References 39 publications

Thermoplastic Starch/Wood Composites: Effect of Processing Technology, Interfacial Interactions and Particle Characteristics

Thermoplastic Starch/Wood Composites: Effect of Processing Technology, Interfacial Interactions and Particle Characteristics

Biodegradable Composite Films based on κ-carrageenan Reinforced by Cellulose Nanocrystal from Kenaf Fibers

Thermoplastic starch/wood composites: Interfacial interactions and functional properties

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