Reinforcing effects of smoked methamphetamine in rhesus monkeys

Newman, Jennifer L.; Carroll, Marilyn E.

doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0479-z

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In pre-clinical models, all three have been shown to substitute for cocaine in drug discrimination tasks (Negus et al, 2007; Schechter and McBurney, 1996). Additionally, pretreatment with these medications produces large reductions in cocaine self administration, with lesser alteration on food reinforcement (Glowa et al, 1997; Negus et al, 2007), and are, by themselves, self-administered at lower rates than cocaine (Griffiths et al, 1978; Newman and Carroll, 2006; Rothman et al, 2005). Collectively, previous data as well as the current proof-of-concept study support a pharmacotherapy approach that broadly targets multiple monoaminergic systems (Gorelick et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This replacement strategy is supported by animal studies showing that methamphetamine substitutes for cocaine in the drug discrimination paradigm (Johanson and Barrett, 1993; Negus et al, 2007). Additionally, pretreatment with methamphetamine produces large reductions in cocaine, but not food self-administration (Negus et al, 2007), and some data suggest that methamphetamine is less reinforcing than cocaine (Newman and Carroll, 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of oral methamphetamine on cocaine use: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Mooney

Herin

Schmitz

et al. 2009

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

115

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Background No medication is currently approved for the treatment of cocaine dependence, but several preclinical and clinical reports suggest agonist-like medications, e.g. amphetamine analogues, may be a productive strategy for medication development. Objective This current proof-of-concept study sought to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of methamphetamine as a candidate treatment for cocaine dependence. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study served to evaluate three treatment conditions in 82 cocaine-dependent individuals: (1) placebo (0 mg, 6×/day; n = 27), (2) immediate release (IR) methamphetamine (5 mg, 6×/day; n = 30), (3) sustained release (SR) methamphetamine (30 mg first pill, 1×/day; 0 mg 5×/day; n = 25). The study employed a sequential, two-phase design (i.e., 4 weeks of medication and counseling followed by 4 weeks of medication/counseling plus a contingency management procedure). Results Both preparation forms of methamphetamine were well tolerated, with similar retention to placebo (0 mg, 33%; 30 mg IR, 30%, 30 mg SR, 32%). Methamphetamine SR was associated with decreased sleep and increased weight loss. Medication adherence rates were high for the first dose of the day (95%), while adherence for subsequent capsules was lower. Those in the SR condition exhibited consistently lower rates of cocaine-positive urine samples (0 mg, 60%; 30 mg IR, 66%, 30 mg SR, 29%), p<0.0001, and reported the greatest reduction in craving for cocaine, p<0.05. Conclusions SR methamphetamine significantly reduced cocaine use and craving. Additional research is warranted to develop and evaluate agonist-like medications that may effectively treat cocaine dependence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oral methamphetamine on cocaine use: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Mooney

Herin

Schmitz

et al. 2009

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

115

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“…Methamphetamine aerosol delivery was associated with greater rates of responding in a previous study conducted in 5 male rhesus monkeys (Newman & Carroll, 2006). In that study, monkeys completed a ratio requirement on a response lever prior to activating a pressure-sensitive relay 5 times in order to earn methamphetamine aerosol delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Vaporized heroin was also self-administered under these procedures (Mattox & Carroll, 1996). Using this technology, 10 years later Newman & Carroll (2006) reported that rhesus monkeys who had been trained to self-administer cocaine base would self-administer methamphetamine: methamphetamine was less efficacious than cocaine and the dose-response function was relatively flat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-administration of methamphetamine aerosol by male and female baboons

Foltin

2018

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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The reinforcing efficacy of vaporized methamphetamine HCl (0.3 mg/kg) was determined in baboons with minimal previous drug exposure. A group of 8 adult male baboons was tested prior to a group of 7 adult female baboons. Baboons were initially trained to suck on a brass stem activating a pressure-sensitive relay (i.e., puff), to receive one M&M® candy. Five of the 8 males and 6 of the 7 females learned to activate the relay. 0.05 ml of 95% ethyl alcohol containing 0.3 mg/kg methamphetamine was vaporized and delivered to the mouth of the baboon after he/she completed 2 puffs; a single candy was given after an additional 5 puffs to ensure that baboons continued puffing after the aerosol entered their mouths. Puffing was recorded but not reinforced by candy or drug for 2 min after each aerosol delivery for males and 1 min for females. Males could earn 10 and females could earn 20 aerosol deliveries. Males made between 225 and 650 puffs each session. Females made between 200 and 400 puffs each session. When only candy and placebo aerosol were delivered the number of puffs decreased in all 6 females but increased in all 5 males. When candy was delivered without aerosol, puffing decreased in 4 of 5 males, but this manipulation was not tested in females. Methamphetamine aerosol delivery maintained lower rates of puffing behavior in females than males, but procedural differences weaken interpretation of this sex comparison. Although training non-human primates to inhale drug vapors is time consuming, if successful, their long lifespan could provide years of valuable data justifying further work with non-human primates using models of vaporized drug self-administration.

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“…Inhalational [7][8][9][10][11][12], subcutaneous [13], and oral self-administration are all routes for drug exposure [14][15][16] that have been used in academic research environments to characterize compounds that are delivered by non-IV routes. The real future challenge is how to assess compounds that do not have characteristics that permit drug delivery that is workable in the gold standard models.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%