Reinforcing Data Integrity in Renewable Hybrid AC-DC Microgrids from Social-Economic Perspectives

Abstract

The microgrid (MG) is a complicated cyber-physical system that operates based on interactions between physical processes and computational components, which make it vulnerable to varied cyber-attacks. In this paper, the impact of data integrity attack (DIA) has been considered, as one of the most dangerous cyber threats to MGs, on the steady-state operation of hybrid MGs (HMGs). Additionally, a novel method based on sequential hypothesis testing (SHT) approach, is proposed to detect DIA on the renewable energy sources’ metering infrastructure and improve the data security within the HMGs. The proposed method generates a binary sample, which is used to compute a test statistic that is further used against two thresholds to decide among three alternatives. The performance of the suggested method is examined using an IEEE standard test system. The results illustrated the acceptable performance of the proposed methodology in detection of DIAs. Also, to evaluate the effect of DIA on the operation of the HMGs, DIAs with different severities are launched on the measured power generation of renewable energy resources (RESs) like wind turbine (WT). The results of this part showed that a successful DIA on renewable units can severely affect the operation of electric grids and cause serious damages.

Transmission and Distribution Substation Energy Management Considering Large-Scale Energy Storage, Demand Side Management and Security-Constrained Unit Commitment

“…The authors in [9] have proposed an algorithm based on decomposition and reformulation to solve the bi-level problem of transmission network planning along with the gas network to improve these two networks. Reference [10] has presented a management model for hybrid microgrids with cyber-attacks, in which lower and upper-level models minimize user costs and microgrid operating costs under cyber threats conditions. Reference [11] has proposed a bilevel model of energy management in the transmission network and distribution substations of the electricity network to increase the profit of the distribution network and reduce the operating costs of the transmission network using the decomposition algorithm.…”

“…For example, in reference [3] optimal demand and large-scale battery management have been done, but optimal coordination of the transmission and distribution network is not taken into account. Or the reference [10] which considers optimal coordination of the transmissionand distribution network with large-scale batteries, but has not taken into account the problem of demand-side management and security constraints. Table (1) shows the modeling gap in the optimal coordination problem of distribution and transmission networks, which has been tried in this study.…”

An Innovative Cloud-Fog-Based Smart Grid Scheme for Efficient Resource Utilization

“…[ 13 ] compared CC with traditional approaches, recognizing several technical and nontechnical challenges and CC alternatives. The CC has been progressing quickly, but it has faced several problems, including long delays, poor reliability, mobility, awareness of position, and privacy issues [ 14 , 15 ]. Ref.…”

A novel energy management model among interdependent sections in the smart grids

“…Smart grids (SGs) improve reliability, increase renewable energy consumption and respond quickly to user needs. As renewable generators (such as wind and solar) and distributed traditional generators have become part of the grid, SGs are being faced with numerous problems [1,2]. SGs face a problem in terms of economics.…”

“…In the study, the following main contributions are presented: (1) This paper implements a precise solution approach for minimizing the energy price in SHs through the schedule and control of generation systems and both electrical and thermal loads while considering specific preferred appliance temperatures chosen by users. (2) This study proposes the GWOA, considering multiple restrictions, in order to address the issue over a longer simulation period. (3) This suggested optimization algorithm was evaluated via numerous simulations with various cases to show that the energy price was significantly reduced and that this suggested optimization method was effective.…”