Reinforcing and Subjective Effects of Methylphenidate: Dose and Time in Bed.

Roehrs, Timothy; Johanson, Chris E.; Meixner, Renata; Turner, Lauren; Roth, Thomas

doi:10.1037/1064-1297.12.3.180

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, the similarity of the findings between the two studies – a laboratory-controlled self-administration study and a treatment study – as well as prior studies showing a potential role of sleepiness in the reinforcing and subjective effects of stimulants (Roehrs et al, 2004) and previously demonstrated effects of poor sleep on factors such as cognition, mood, and impulsivity, support the likelihood that there is a causal relationship between sleep and cocaine use in chronic cocaine users. This interpretation of the data is also supported by similar findings relating sleep to alcohol use (Allen et al, 1975, 1977; Benca et al, 1992; Brower and Hall, 2001; Brower, 2003; Colrain et al, 2009), and by longitudinal studies that suggest a “bi-directionality” in the relationship between sleep and substance use (Pasch et al, 2012; Shibley et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Correlates of polysomnographic sleep changes in cocaine dependence: Self-administration and clinical outcomes

Angarita

Canavan

Forselius

et al. 2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Abstinence from chronic cocaine use is associated with abnormal sleep architecture. As sleep abnormalities are associated with clinical outcome in alcohol dependence, we hypothesized a similar relationship in cocaine dependence. Methods We report data from a cocaine self-administration study (N=12) and the placebo arm of a randomized clinical trial (N=20). Self-administration participants underwent three cocaine self-administration sessions during a three-week inpatient stay. Treatment participants underwent two weeks of inpatient followed by six weeks of outpatient treatment including once-weekly cognitive behavioral therapy. Measurements included polysomnography from early and late in abstinence during the inpatient stays. Clinical outcomes included amount of cocaine self-administered, urine tests, and self-reported use and withdrawal symptoms. Results Change in slow-wave sleep from early to late abstinence (ΔSWS; p=0.05), late abstinence rapid eye movement sleep (REM; p=0.002), and late abstinence total sleep time (p=0.02) were negatively correlated with the amount of cocaine self-administered. Early abstinence REM was positively correlated with withdrawal symptoms (p=0.02). Late abstinence REM was positively correlated with percent negative urines and maximum consecutive number of days abstinent (both p<0.001). ΔSWS was positively correlated with percent negative urines (p=0.03) and participants with increased SWS had greater percent negative urines (p=0.008) and maximum consecutive number of days abstinent (p=0.009). Conclusions Correlations between sleep deficits and amount of cocaine self-administered, clinical outcomes, and severity of withdrawal symptoms underscore the relevance of sleep in clinical outcomes in the treatment of cocaine dependence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Correlates of polysomnographic sleep changes in cocaine dependence: Self-administration and clinical outcomes

Angarita

Canavan

Forselius

et al. 2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…While novel, these results are not completely surprising given the clinical literature (Brower, 2001; Clark et al, 1998; Foster and Peters, 1999; Gillin et al, 1994; Roehrs et al, 1999, 2004) and the known neurochemical consequences of sleep deprivation. For instance, sleep deprivation has been shown to augment dopamine (DA) activity in the mesocorticolimbic reward system (Asakura et al, 1992; Brock et al, 1995; Farooqui et al, 1996; Hernández-Peón et al, 1969).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Clinical studies suggest that sleep deprivation is one such factor, and both subjective (self-administered questionnaire scores) and objective (polysomnographic sleep parameters) measures of poor sleep quality have been shown to predict relapse in humans (Brower, 2001; Clark et al, 1998; Foster and Peters, 1999; Gillin et al, 1994). Also, acute sleep deprivation has been shown to increase preference for methylphenidate (Roehrs et al, 1999, 2004). In addition, we have previously demonstrated in rats that acute sleep deprivation increases the rate and efficiency (i.e., the goal-directed nature of responding) of cocaine self-administration during PR testing, even in rats that maintain low levels of drug intake (i.e., low drug-takers; Puhl et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel model of chronic sleep restriction reveals an increase in the perceived incentive reward value of cocaine in high drug-taking rats

Puhl

Boisvert

Guan

et al. 2013

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Substance abuse and sleep deprivation are major problems in our society. Clinical studies suggest that measures of poor sleep quality effectively predict relapse to substance abuse. Previously, our laboratory has shown that acute sleep deprivation increases the rate and efficiency (i.e., the goal-directed nature of responding) of cocaine self-administration using a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement. However, the problem of sleep deprivation in our nation is largely one of chronicity. Therefore, the current study used a rodent model of chronic sleep restriction more akin to that experienced by humans (approximately 40% reduction in baseline sleep over the course of 8 days) to assess the impact of chronic sleep deprivation on cocaine-seeking and cocaine-taking behaviors in rats early during acquisition of self-administration. While low drug-taking rats were unaffected by chronic sleep restriction, high drug-takers in the chronic sleep restriction (CSR) group exhibited enhanced fixed ratio (FR) responding by the fourth day of FR training and significantly higher PR breakpoints than their non-sleep restriction (NSR) counterparts. This study is the first to directly assess the impact of chronic sleep deprivation on drug self-administration. These results show that chronic sleep deprivation early during acquisition of self-administration has a significant effect on the perceived incentive reward value of cocaine in high drug-takers, as indicated by both increased FR responding and an increased willingness to work for drug. Thus, it is important to be mindful of such factors in clinical settings designed for treatment of addiction and relapse prevention.

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“…However, it is also possible that poor sleep contributes to drug use (e.g. Mednick et al, 2010; Roehrs et al, 2004); the association of longer periods of use with greater sleep deficits does not rule out this possibility, as longer periods of use may themselves reflect factors that contribute to an increased baseline risk for cocaine dependence. In addition to years of cocaine use, recent quantity of alcohol use affected sleep.…”

Section: 0 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multistudy analysis of the effects of early cocaine abstinence on sleep

Matuskey

Pittman

Forselius

et al. 2011

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Objective To describe the sleep patterns of early cocaine abstinence in chronic users by polysomnographic and subjective measures. Methods 28 cocaine-dependent participants (ages 24-55) underwent polysomnographic sleep (PSG) recording on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks of abstinence on a research dedicated inpatient facility. Objective measures of total sleep time, total REM time, slow wave sleep, sleep efficiency and a subjective measure (sleep quality) along with demographic data were collected from three different long term research studies over a five year period. Data were reanalyzed to allow greater statistical power for comparisons. Results Progressive weeks of abstinence had main effects on all assessed PSG sleep measures showing decreased total sleep time, REM sleep, stage 1 and 2 sleep, and sleep efficiency; increases in sleep onset and REM latencies and a slight increase in slow-wave sleep time were also present. Total sleep time and slow wave sleep were negatively associated with years of cocaine use. Total sleep time was positively associated with the amount of current ethanol use. Sex differences were found with females having more total REM time and an increase at a near significance level in slow wave sleep. Subjective measures were reported as improving with increasing abstinence over the same time period. Conclusions Chronic cocaine users show a general deterioration in objective sleep measures over a three-week period despite an increase in subjective overall sleep quality providing further evidence for “occult insomnia” during early cocaine abstinence.

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Reinforcing and Subjective Effects of Methylphenidate: Dose and Time in Bed.

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Correlates of polysomnographic sleep changes in cocaine dependence: Self-administration and clinical outcomes

Correlates of polysomnographic sleep changes in cocaine dependence: Self-administration and clinical outcomes

A novel model of chronic sleep restriction reveals an increase in the perceived incentive reward value of cocaine in high drug-taking rats

A multistudy analysis of the effects of early cocaine abstinence on sleep

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