Reinforcement of Timber Floors-Transversal Load Distribution on Timber-Concrete Systems

Dias, Alfredo M. P. G.; Monteiro, Sandra; Martins, Carlos

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.778.657

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The fact that elements of wooden parquets have been preserved for almost 200 years and do not require reinforcements (reinforcements are typical for historic structures [20,21,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]) shows that the wood quality was high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic Methods of Assessing the Historical Wooden Structure on the Example of the Floor of the Polish Manor House in Tarnowiec

2023

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Sustainable development should take into account the conservation and preservation of architectural features characteristic of a given cultural area for future generations. Chemical, physical and mechanical properties of timber components are key to assessing the technical preservation of historical timber structures, defining proper restoration methodology and extending the durability of timber structures. Moreover, this evaluation will help to elaborate assessment criteria to decide between the restoration or replacement of a given antique structure. The article presents a method of assessing a historical wooden structure on the example of an antique decorative wooden floor from the beginning of the 19th century, preserved in the Tarnowiec Manor House. It determines tests and scientific analysis as a tool for a decision of possibilities of further usage of the historical floor structure. We performed tests and scientific analysis by calculating the functional properties of the parquet panels, performing a visual inspection, as well as resistance tests, tests of longitudinal curvature deviation and shape preservation, tests of fungi infestation and its impact on the state of preservation, as well as future perspectives for the use of parquet elements. The results of the evaluation verify that the proposed methodologies are reasonable and will help to elaborate assessment criteria to decide between the restoration or replacement of a given antique parquet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic Methods of Assessing the Historical Wooden Structure on the Example of the Floor of the Polish Manor House in Tarnowiec

2023

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“…The average joist depth was 270mm, with slab thicknesses in the 30mm -150mm range and an average of 65 mm. Joist spacing (or concrete slab width in single-joist specimens) ranged from 300mm to 2000mm with an average of 740mm [3][4][5][6][7][8]9,[12][13][14][15][16][17]25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of moment sharing in multi-joist timber-concrete composite floors from zero load up to failure

Mudie

Sebastian

Norman

et al. 2019

Construction and Building Materials

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The critical T-sections of multi-joist timber concrete composite (TCC) floors must be designed at ultimate for support shear force and midspan moment, both of which are influenced by transverse sharing, but to different extents. Prior experimental work has investigated only support reaction sharing and only up to serviceability loads. The present experimental study builds on that status quo by quantifying also moment sharing, via strain gauge layouts at quarter-span and mid-span, along with reaction sharing via load cells at the supports of a multi-joist TCC specimen, over the entire load range up to failure. Use of steel mesh connectors bonded into hardwood laminated veneer lumber joists, and near geometric resemblance to a real building TCC floor recently built in London, were novel features of the specimen. The results show that midspan moment and reaction sharing both vary nonlinearly with load, but in distinctly different ways from each other (with up to almost 20% difference observed between them), in the progression between the uncracked, cracked and connection ductility regimes. In this approach reliable assessment of moment sharing depends on the quality of the recorded strains. Accordingly, the strain data were shown to be of high quality by converting these data to internal stress resultants that were then found to satisfy longitudinal equilibrium. It is concluded that this strain gauge layout is useful for future work aimed at building a database of transverse sharing of moments in TCCs.

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“…Aiming at reproducing these findings on the design of these floors, a simplified equation to predict the percentage of load received by each beam as a function of the floor span, the transversal position of the beam, and the thickness of the concrete layer was suggested.This computation considers the association of the entire load, point or line load aligned with the length of the timber beam, with the beam under consideration, but it can be far from the real behavior. In recent years, a few studies [16][17][18][19][20][21] aiming to understand how the load is distributed in the transverse direction were performed in this field. Parameters that might affect that distribution were investigated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parameters that might affect that distribution were investigated. The work developed by the authors [16][17][18] proves that the share of load received by the loaded beam could be, in some cases, less than half. It is easy to understand the economic implications that an overestimated cross-section may have, associated with the unnecessary waste of material.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of Concentrated Loads in Timber-Concrete Composite Floors: Simplified Approach

2020

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Timber-concrete composite (TCC) solutions are not a novelty. They were scientifically referred to at the beginning of the 20th century and they have proven their value in recent decades. Regarding a TCC floor at the design stage, there are some assumptions, at the standard level, concerning the action of concentrated loads which may be far from reality, specifically those associating the entire load to the beam over which it is applied. This naturally oversizes the beam and affects how the load is distributed transversally, affecting the TCC solution economically and mechanically. Efforts have been made to clarify how concentrated loads are distributed, in the transverse direction, on TCC floors. Real-scale floor specimens were produced and tested subjected to concentrated (point and line) loads. Moreover, a Finite Element (FE)-based model was developed and validated and the results were collected. These results show that the "loaded beam" can receive less than 50% of the concentrated point load (when concerning the inner beams of a medium-span floor, 4.00 m). Aiming at reproducing these findings on the design of these floors, a simplified equation to predict the percentage of load received by each beam as a function of the floor span, the transversal position of the beam, and the thickness of the concrete layer was suggested.This computation considers the association of the entire load, point or line load aligned with the length of the timber beam, with the beam under consideration, but it can be far from the real behavior. In recent years, a few studies [16][17][18][19][20][21] aiming to understand how the load is distributed in the transverse direction were performed in this field. Parameters that might affect that distribution were investigated. The work developed by the authors [16][17][18] proves that the share of load received by the loaded beam could be, in some cases, less than half. It is easy to understand the economic implications that an overestimated cross-section may have, associated with the unnecessary waste of material. Furthermore, there are also consequences at the mechanical behavior level. The thicker the concrete slab (using the same timber cross-section), the higher the transverse distribution of load. The opposite occurs with the increase of the timber beam height (keeping the concrete thickness unchanged), but with less expression [22], hence the importance of such studies.This paper aimed to present a simplified approach to be applied at a design stage in order to help to obtain an optimized TCC floor solution in terms of mechanical behavior and expenses. Therefore, an experimental set of results obtained from real-scale TCC floors tested under concentrated loads, together with the results of a parametric study using a Finite Element Method (FEM) model developed and validated by the authors was proposed.

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Reinforcement of Timber Floors-Transversal Load Distribution on Timber-Concrete Systems

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Holistic Methods of Assessing the Historical Wooden Structure on the Example of the Floor of the Polish Manor House in Tarnowiec

Holistic Methods of Assessing the Historical Wooden Structure on the Example of the Floor of the Polish Manor House in Tarnowiec

Experimental study of moment sharing in multi-joist timber-concrete composite floors from zero load up to failure

Distribution of Concentrated Loads in Timber-Concrete Composite Floors: Simplified Approach

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