Reinforcement of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube in Nitrile Rubber: In Comparison with Carbon Black, Conductive Carbon Black, and Precipitated Silica

Boonbumrung, Atip; Sae‐Oui, Pongdhorn; Sirisinha, Chakrit

doi:10.1155/2016/6391572

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The crosslink density value improved gradually from 4.2 mol/cm 3 for neat NBR up to 5.1, 5.6, and 6.6 mol/cm 3 for 5, 10, and 15 phr of CNF, respectively. This is in agreement with the results presented in other works on reinforcing nanofillers, such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, or nanofibers in nitrile rubber composites [25,26,31,32]. At the same CNF loading (10 phr), the vulcanizates filled with silanized CNF showed considerably higher values for crosslink density compared to vulcanizate filled with untreated CNF, since the presence of silanes promoted CNF-rubber bonding and improved the dispersion of the CNF in nitrile rubber matrix.…”

Section: Crosslink Density Measurementsupporting

confidence: 92%

Silane Treatment as an Effective Way of Improving the Reinforcing Activity of Carbon Nanofibers in Nitrile Rubber Composites

2020

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Two different silane treatment methods were used to improve the reinforcing activity of carbon nanofibers (CNF) in acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. The first method was chemical silanization with [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane (APTS) in ethanol solution, preceded by oxidation of the CNF with H2SO4/HNO3. The second method was direct incorporation of silanes during preparation of the composites (in-situ silanization). Three different silane coupling agents were used: [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTS), and 3-ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane (UPTS). The NBR composites were prepared in an internal laboratory mixer, with increasing concentrations of pure or modified CNF. The crosslink density and flammability of the NBR-filled composites were analyzed, as well as their rheological and mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity of the composites was measured to assess the formation of CNF networks in the elastomer matrix. The morphology of the CNF was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both the dispersion of the CNF in the NBR matrix and the polymer-filler interactions were improved following silane modification, as shown in SEM images and by the Payne Effect. The composites were also found to have enhanced moduli, tensile strength, hardness, damping, and electrical conductivity. Chemical treatment proved to be more effective at improving the reinforcing effect of CNF in the elastomer matrix than in-situ silanization. The results of this study demonstrate the great potential of both in-situ and chemical silanization for the preparation of reinforced polymer composites filled with CNF.

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Section: Crosslink Density Measurementsupporting

confidence: 92%

Silane Treatment as an Effective Way of Improving the Reinforcing Activity of Carbon Nanofibers in Nitrile Rubber Composites

2020

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“…These high performance rubbers exhibit excellent abrasion/ adhesion resistance and superior mechanical properties for their wide range of applications. NBR is not crystallizable under high strain, and therefore the reinforcing fillers are generally incorporated to yield sufficiently high mechanical properties [ 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 ]. Chougule and Giese [ 93 ] reported significant mechanical reinforcing effects of CNT as compared with CB in NBR due to good dispersion and effective interaction.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Rubber Nanocomposites Of Carbon mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lower volume fraction of MWCNTs produced a significant increase in tensile strength and energy at break when compared with carbon black due to high degree of dispersion. In another work, the mechanical properties of nitrile rubber reinforced with 0 to 15 phr of MWCNT, conductive (CB, CB), and precipitated silica prepared by the two roll mill method and corresponding data are recorded in Table 8 [ 97 ]. It is clearly seen that tensile strength, modulus (100%), and hardness enhanced with the increasing of the loading of filler.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Rubber Nanocomposites Of Carbon mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocarbon Reinforced Rubber Nanocomposites: Detailed Insights about Mechanical, Dynamical Mechanical Properties, Payne, and Mullin Effects

Srivastava

Mishra

2018

Nanomaterials

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The reinforcing ability of the fillers results in significant improvements in properties of polymer matrix at extremely low filler loadings as compared to conventional fillers. In view of this, the present review article describes the different methods used in preparation of different rubber nanocomposites reinforced with nanodimensional individual carbonaceous fillers, such as graphene, expanded graphite, single walled carbon nanotubes, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and hybrid fillers consisting combination of individual fillers. This is followed by review of mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break, Young modulus, and fracture toughness) and dynamic mechanical properties (glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature, melting point) of these rubber nanocomposites. Finally, Payne and Mullin effects have also been reviewed in rubber filled with different carbon based nanofillers.

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“…The peak to peak current and voltage increased linearly for both parts with increasing frequency. However, the rate of this increase is lower for the peak to peak current of the back part which is promoted due to the higher resistivity of NBR compared to human skin [78,79]. The output performance of the TESTEC was also tested for variable air gap between the operating surfaces.…”

Section: Triboelectricity Based Stepping and Tapping Energy Case (Tesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and fabrication of self-sustainable triboelectric energy case for powering smart electronic devices

et al. 2020

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In recent times, Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENG) have attained the focus of the scientific community due to its potential as a medium to harvest mechanical energy from the ambient environment. Human motion has been attributed as a source of mechanical energy to drive electronic devices and sensors through TENG. Based on the principles of single electrode TENG, we have developed a Triboelectricity based Stepping and Tapping Energy Case (TESTEC) which magnifies the prospect to power touch electronic devices by utilizing finger tapping and stepping motion. This novel case was constructed with two single electrode TENG operating through the triboelectric mechanism between human skin and Polyethylene terephthalate(PET) film on the front part and Nitrile Butadiene Rubber(NBR) and PET film on the back part. This cost effective device was further tested by attaching with a cell phone at variable load frequency, airgap and finger combinations where the output response increased with the increased frequencies (60 to 240 BPM) and air gap (1cm to 5cm). Maximum output voltages of 14.8 V and 50.8 V were obtained for the front and back parts, respectively. Besides, maximum output powers were observed to be 3.78 W/m 2 at 0.46 MΩ and 6.21 W/m 2 at 1.02 MΩ, respectively. Also, the device was tested by integrating with conventional electronic components including capacitors, bridge rectifiers and 15 LEDs. Based on the results, a electrical circuit has been proposed to power touch cell phones. The device was further modified using Silver (Ag) nanoparticles in the front part. The modified TESTEC provided higher output response compared to the primary TESTEC. The TESTEC can be a self sustainable way to power touch electronic devices which can reudce the necessity to charge electronics devices in the conventional way.

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Reinforcement of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube in Nitrile Rubber: In Comparison with Carbon Black, Conductive Carbon Black, and Precipitated Silica

Cited by 32 publications

References 33 publications

Silane Treatment as an Effective Way of Improving the Reinforcing Activity of Carbon Nanofibers in Nitrile Rubber Composites

Silane Treatment as an Effective Way of Improving the Reinforcing Activity of Carbon Nanofibers in Nitrile Rubber Composites

Nanocarbon Reinforced Rubber Nanocomposites: Detailed Insights about Mechanical, Dynamical Mechanical Properties, Payne, and Mullin Effects

Synthesis and fabrication of self-sustainable triboelectric energy case for powering smart electronic devices

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