Reindeer Milk

Holand, Øystein; Gjøstein, Hallvard; Nieminen, Mauri; Haenlein, G.F.W.

doi:10.1002/9781119110316.ch9

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…For all of these compounds, the increment was more pronounced in the last eight weeks. The average gross composition of red deer milk was higher in comparison with milk from cow, goat, equids or camelids ( Table 2 ) and slightly higher than sheep or buffalo milk but similar to other cervids, such as reindeer or fallow deer [ 1 , 2 , 5 , 17 , 18 , 41 ]. The high content of fat and proteins suggests that red deer milk could be a suitable alternative for cheese production because of its great nutritional value and promising cheese yield.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Red deer milk is not the only one that contains a high fat and protein content among ruminants; in fact, other species such as reindeer, domestic buffalo or springbok (African antelope) also contain high concentrations of these components. The milk of reindeer is produced commercially and even contains higher fat (10–19%) and crude protein (7–13%) contents [ 17 ]. Moreover, domestic buffalo milk has a fat content of 7–12% [ 18 ], while the milk of springbok also has fat and protein contents around 14.5% and 7.4%, respectively [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicochemical, Microbiological and Technological Properties of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Milk during Lactation

Berruga

Vara

Licón

et al. 2021

Animals

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This study describes chemical, physical, microbiological and technological characteristics of red deer milk and the effect of lactation on these parameters in order to know their potential aptitude to elaborate dairy products. During 18 weeks, milk from five hinds was monitored for composition, bacteriology, somatic cell count (SCC), physical properties and rennet coagulation. Mean values (g/100 g) for fat, protein, lactose and dry matter were 10.4, 7.1, 4.3 and 24.2, respectively, and for urea, 265 mg/100 mL. Except for lactose, a significant increase in these components was observed (p < 0.01) as lactation progressed. The average values for bacteriology and SCC were 5.3 log cfu/mL and 4.7 log cells/mL, respectively. Regarding physical properties, conductivity (mean: 2.8 ms/cm), viscosity (3.1 Cp), coordinates L* (89.9) and a* (−3.1) and milk fat globule diameter (D4,3: 6.1 µm) increased along with lactation while density (1.038 g/mL) decreased (p < 0.01). The pH (6.7), acidity (22.9° Dornic), coordinate b* (8.4) and ethanol stability (66.6% v/v) were stable during the study period. The stage of lactation also has a significant impact on milk coagulation properties and mean curd yield was 3.29 g/10 mL. These results suggest that red deer milk could be a potential innovative source of milk for the dairy industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical, Microbiological and Technological Properties of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Milk during Lactation

Berruga

Vara

Licón

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Milk of ruminants, especially the commercially exploited animals, has been studied extensively. These include the cow ( Bos taurus ), water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ), yak ( Bos grunniens ), sheep ( Ovis aries ), goat ( Capra hircus ), camel ( Camelus bactrianus ) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ], and reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus ) [ 5 ]. Information of milk from other species is on the increase, e.g., African buffalo ( Syncerus caffer ) [ 6 ], blesbok ( Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi ), blue wildebeest ( Connochaetes gnou ) and black wildebeest ( Connochaetes taurinus taurinus ) [ 7 ], bongo ( Tragelaphus eurycerus ) [ 8 ], kudu ( Tragelaphus streticeros ) and oryx ( Oryx gazella ) [ 9 ], springbok ( Antidorcas marsupialis ) [ 10 ], sable antelope ( Hippotragus niger ) [ 11 ], and giraffe ( Giraffa camelopardalis ) and red hartebeest ( Alcelaphus buselaphus ) [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Composition of Free-Ranging Impala (Aepyceros melampus) and Tsessebe (Damaliscus lunatus lunatus), and Comparison with Other African Bovidae

Osthoff

Hugo

Madende

et al. 2021

Animals

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The major nutrient and fatty acid composition of the milk of impala and tsessebe is reported and compared with other Bovidae and species. The proximate composition of impala milk was 5.56 ± 1.96% fat, 6.60 ± 0.51% protein, and 4.36 ± 0.94% lactose, and that of tsessebe milk was 8.44 ± 3.19%, 5.15 ± 0.49%, and 6.10 ± 3.85%, respectively. The high protein content of impala milk accounted for 42% of gross energy, which is typical for African Bovids that use a “hider” postnatal care system, compared to the 25% of the tsessebe, a “follower”. Electrophoresis showed that the molecular size and surface charge of the tsessebe caseins resembled that of other Alcelaphinae members, while that of the impala resembled that of Hippotraginae. The milk composition of these two species was compared by statistical methods with 13 other species representing eight suborders, families, or subfamilies of African Artiodactyla. This showed that the tsessebe milk resembled that of four other species of the Alcelaphinae sub-family and that the milk of this sub-family differs from other Artiodactyla by its specific margins of nutrient contents and milk fat with a high content of medium-length fatty acids (C8–C12) above 17% of the total fatty acids.

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Traditional and commercial dairy products from yak, camel, zebu-brahma, mithun, reindeer and sow - A review on current research status

Siddiqui,

Schulte,

Golik

et al. 2024

International Dairy Journal

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Reindeer Milk

Cited by 4 publications

References 66 publications

Physicochemical, Microbiological and Technological Properties of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Milk during Lactation

Physicochemical, Microbiological and Technological Properties of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Milk during Lactation

Milk Composition of Free-Ranging Impala (Aepyceros melampus) and Tsessebe (Damaliscus lunatus lunatus), and Comparison with Other African Bovidae

Traditional and commercial dairy products from yak, camel, zebu-brahma, mithun, reindeer and sow - A review on current research status

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