Reindarstellung der Hormone aus dem Corpus luteum. (Vorläuf. Mitteil.)

Slotta, K. H.; Ruschig, Heinrich; Fels, E

doi:10.1002/cber.19340670729

Cited by 114 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The first report of the biological significance of this gland was published in 1903 by Frankel [1], who demonstrated that pregnancy was terminated in rabbits after removal of the CL. Subsequent purification and crystallization of progesterone were accomplished in 1934 by four groups [2][3][4][5]. Perhaps it is of evolutionary significance that the simplest steroidogenic pathway is that for biosynthesis of progesterone, which plays such a key role in successful reproduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luteal Function: The Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy

Niswender

Juengel

McGuire

et al. 1994

Biology of Reproduction

151

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A number of morphological and biochemical changes occur as the cells of the recently ovulated follicle luteinize and develop into a functional CL. There are two distinct steroidogenic luteal cell types that appear to differentiate from thecal and granulosal cells in the follicle. The control of progesterone secretion is quite different in the two cell types. Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) is the primary luteolytic hormone in most mammals. PGF2 alpha appears to exert its antisteroidogenic actions via activation of the protein kinase C system, while its cytotoxic effects appear to be mediated via a dramatic increase in intracellular levels of free calcium. The mechanisms involved in maternal recognition of pregnancy are very diverse between species and may involve direct luteotropic stimulation of the CL, reduced uterine secretion of PGF2 alpha, and/or inhibition of actions of PGF2 alpha at the level of the CL.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luteal Function: The Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy

Niswender

Juengel

McGuire

et al. 1994

Biology of Reproduction

151

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“…The name 'progesterone' was first adopted in 1935 (Allen 1970), shortly after it was isolated from corpus luteum extracts (Allen & Corner 1929), purified (Allen 1930, Slotta et al 1934, and structurally identified (Butenandt 1934). In the 70 years since its discovery, nearly 100 000 papers have been published dealing with progesterone P; (4-pregnene-3,20-dione) on many levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progesterone metabolites in breast cancer

Wiebe¹

2006

Endocr Relat Cancer

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In the 70 years since progesterone (P) was identified in corpus luteum extracts, its metabolism has been examined extensively in many tissues and cell lines from numerous species. In addition to the reproductive tissues and adrenals, every other tissue that has been investigated appears to have one or more P-metabolizing enzyme, each of which is specific for a particular site on the P molecule. In the past, the actions of the P metabolizing enzymes generally have been equated to a means of reducing the P concentration in the tissue microenvironment, and the products have been dismissed as inactive waste metabolites. In human breast tissues and cell lines, the following P-metabolizing enzymes have been identified: 5a-reductase, 3a-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (3a-HSO), 3b-HSO, 20a-HSO, and 6a-hydroxylase. Rather than providing diverse pathways for inactivating and controlling the concentration of P in breast tissue microenvironments, it is proposed that the enzymes act directly on P to produce two types of autocrines/paracrines with opposing regulatory roles in breast cancer. Evidence is reviewed which shows that P is directly converted to the 4-pregnenes, 3a-hydroxy-4-pregnen-20-one (3a-dihydroprogesterone; 3aHP) and 20a-dihydro-progesterone (20aHP), by the actions of 3a-HSO and 20a-HSO respectively and to the 5a-pregnane, 5a-pregnane-3,20-dione(5a-dihydroprogesterone; 5aP), by the irreversible action of 5a-reductase. In vitro studies on a number of breast cell lines indicate that 3aHP promotes normalcy by downregulating cell proliferation and detachment, whereas 5aP promotes mitogenesis and metastasis by stimulating cell proliferation and detachment. The hormones bind to novel, separate, and specific plasma membrane-based receptors and influence opposing actions on mitosis, apoptosis, and cytoskeletal and adhesion plaque molecules via cell signaling pathways. In normal tissue, the ratio of 4-pregnenes:5a-pregnanes is high because of high P 3a-and 20a-HSO activities/expression and low P 5a-reductase activity/expression. In breast tumor tissue and tumorigenic cell lines, the ratio is reversed in favor of the 5a-pregnanes because of altered P-metabolizing enzyme activities/expression. The evidence suggests that the promotion of breast cancer is related to changes in in situ concentrations of cancerinhibiting and -promoting P metabolites. Current estrogen-based theories and therapies apply to only a fraction of all breast cancers; the majority (about two-thirds) of breast cancer cases are estrogeninsensitive and have lacked endocrine explanations. As the P metabolites, 5aP and 3aHP, have been shown to act with equal efficacy on all breast cell lines tested, regardless of their tumorigenicity, estrogen sensitivity, and estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status, it is proposed that they offer a new hormonal basis for all forms of breast cancer. New diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities for breast cancer progression, control, regression, and prevention are suggested.

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“…Any use of the hormone to affect the cycle will necessarily be in the nature of an experiment. 3. The German gynecologists who have had small amounts of progestin-containing preparations for clin¬ ical use have been interested in their action on metror- 6 rhagia and menorrhagia.…”

Section: Clinical Possibilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corpus Luteum Therapy

Corner¹

1935

JAMA

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Reindarstellung der Hormone aus dem Corpus luteum. (Vorläuf. Mitteil.)

Cited by 114 publications

References 1 publication

Luteal Function: The Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy

Luteal Function: The Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy

Progesterone metabolites in breast cancer

Corpus Luteum Therapy

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