Rehospitalization in the first year of life among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Smith, Vincent C.; Zupancic, John A.F.; McCormick, Marie C.; Croen, Lisa; Greene, J; Escobar, Gabriel J.; Richardson, Douglas K.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.03.026

Cited by 168 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…For those who survive the neonatal period, many face a lifetime of ongoing health problems with a substantially increased risk of significant respiratory morbidity that persists through life [2–4]. The risk and severity of lifelong morbidity and mortality are accentuated by the level of prematurity [5,6], birth weight [6] and the presence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) [7]. …”

Section: Preterm Birth and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: An Immature Symentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preterm infants with BPD have an increased frequency of health care utilisation and hospital admissions due to acute respiratory infections compared to those without BPD [2,38,46]. Approximately, 50 to 73% of preterm infants with BPD were re-hospitalised at least once with an acute respiratory infection during the first 3 years of life, which is nearly twice the frequency of re-hospitalisation among those without BPD [7,47,48]. The risk of re-hospitalisation due to acute respiratory infection is significantly higher among infants with BPD who remain oxygen dependent after discharge during the first 3 years of life, compared to those who are not oxygen dependent at discharge (70% vs. 58% respectively; P < 0.001) [48].…”

Section: Viral Infection Requiring Readmission In Early Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of respiratory viruses on lung health after preterm birth

Townsi

Laing

Hall

et al. 2018

European Clinical Respiratory Journal

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Children born preterm, less than 37 weeks’ gestation, are at increased risk of viral respiratory infections and associated complications both during their initial birth hospitalisation and in their first years following discharge. This increased burden of viral respiratory infections is likely to have long term implications for lung health and function in individuals born preterm, particularly those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the association between early life viral respiratory infection and development of suboptimal lung health and function later in life following preterm birth. Although preterm infants with diminished lung function, particularly small airways, might be particularly susceptible to asthma and wheezing disorders following viral infection, there is evidence that respiratory viruses can activate number of inflammatory and airway re-modelling pathways. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight the perinatal and early life risk factors that may contribute to increased susceptibility to viral respiratory infections among preterm infants during early life and to understand how respiratory viral infection may influence the development of abnormal lung health and function later in life.

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Section: Preterm Birth and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: An Immature Symentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viral Infection Requiring Readmission In Early Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of respiratory viruses on lung health after preterm birth

Townsi

Laing

Hall

et al. 2018

European Clinical Respiratory Journal

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“…KPMCP is a group-model managed care organization with integrated information systems whose perinatal outcomes have been described. 6,13,[19][20][21][22] Exclusion criteria included death, major congenital anomalies, need for mechanical ventilation at home, placement of a ventricular peritoneal shunt or loss to follow-up in the Northern California KPMCP within 1 year from discharge. The initial source for our data was the Kaiser Permanente Neonatal Minimum Data Set, which tracks all NICU admissions in the KPMCP.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These conditions increase the risk for mild-to-severe adverse outcomes after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge including rehospitalization for respiratory infections or reactive airway disease, poor growth, neurosensory problems, cerebral palsy and behavioral disorders. [6][7][8][9][10][11] An infant's transition from the NICU to the home is poorly understood, and yet it quite likely represents a critical step in infant growth and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric care for preterm infants after NICU discharge: high number of office visits and prescription medications

et al. 2008

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Objective: To determine the frequency and risk factors for clinic and pharmacy use in preterm infants during the first year after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge.Study Design: We analyzed clinic visits and prescriptions in a cohort of 23 to 32 weeks infants. We constructed multivariable regression models to determine risk factors for high use.Result: The 892 preterm infants experienced 18 346 pediatric visits (mean 20 visits per infant per year) and filled 2100 prescriptions (mean 5.5 prescriptions per year among infants taking medications). Most visits were non-well child care visits to pediatric primary care providers. Prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are important risk factors: infants at 23 to 26 weeks gestation or infants with BPD had an average 29 visits per year and 9 prescriptions per year among infants taking medication. However, half of the highest using infants were relatively healthy infants at 27 to 32 weeks gestation who escaped BPD, NEC or grade 3 to 4 intraventricular hemorrhage.Conclusion: Premature infants had frequent pediatric visits and prescription medications. Extreme prematurity and neonatal morbidities are important risk factors; however, half of the highest using infants are moderately preterm without neonatal morbidities.

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“…However, children born prematurely have increased risk for asthma and are often rehospitalized when infected with respiratory syncytial virus. 20,21 Abnormalities in airflow obstruction and air trapping persist into adolescence. [22][23][24][25][26] Similarly, newborn animals exposed to Ն65% oxygen and recovered in room air develop long-term changes in airway responsiveness and increased lung volumes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Hyperoxia Causes Pulmonary Vascular Disease and Shortens Life Span in Aging Mice

Yee

White

Awad

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

111

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease observed in premature infants requiring oxygen supplementation and ventilation. Although the use of exogenous surfactant and protective ventilation strategies has improved survival, the long-term pulmonary consequences of neonatal hyperoxia are unknown. Here, we investigate whether neonatal hyperoxia alters pulmonary function in aging mice. By 67 weeks of age, mice exposed to 100% oxygen between postnatal days 1 to 4 showed significantly a shortened life span (56.6% survival, n ‫؍‬ 53) compared to siblings exposed to room air as neonates (100% survival, n ‫؍‬ 47). Survivors had increased lung compliance and decreased elastance. There was also right ventricular hypertrophy and pathological evidence for pulmonary hypertension, defined by reduction of the distal microvasculature and the presence of numerous dilated arterioles expressing von Willebrand factor and ␣-smooth muscle actin. Consistent with recent literature implicating bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in pulmonary vascular disease, BMP receptors and downstream phospho-Smad1/ 5/8 were reduced in lungs of aging mice exposed to neonatal oxygen. BMP signaling alterations were not observed in 8-week-old mice. These data suggest that loss of BMP signaling in aged mice exposed to neonatal oxygen is associated with a shortened life span, pulmonary vascular disease, and associated cardiac failure. People exposed to hyperoxia as neonates may be at increased risk for pulmonary hypertension.

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Rehospitalization in the first year of life among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Cited by 168 publications

References 24 publications

The impact of respiratory viruses on lung health after preterm birth

The impact of respiratory viruses on lung health after preterm birth

Pediatric care for preterm infants after NICU discharge: high number of office visits and prescription medications

Neonatal Hyperoxia Causes Pulmonary Vascular Disease and Shortens Life Span in Aging Mice

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