Rehearsal of individual items in short-term memory.

Meunier, Gary F.; Ritz, Douglas; Meunier, Jo Ann

doi:10.1037/h0033657

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This explanation is consistent with the results of a study by Meunier, Ritz, and Meunier (1972) involving the Peterson and Peterson short-term memory paradigm. Ss were tested with filled or unfilled delay intervals of up to 18 sec.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Incentives, information, rehearsal, and the negative recency effect

Light

1974

Memory & Cognition

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The negative recency effect is generally attributed to inadequate rehearsal of terminal input items during study. In two experiments, Ss were encouraged to increase rehearsal of initial or terminal input items by offers of incentives for remembering these items and information that there would be a delayed memory test (Experiment I) or by explicit instructions to rehearse terminal items and provision of added rehearsal time (Experiment II). Serial position curves in immediate and delayed recall were little affected by these manipulations. These results are more in line with models that give rehearsal the role of maintaining items in a short-term store than with models that accord rehearsal a role in transfer of information to a more permanent store.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Incentives, information, rehearsal, and the negative recency effect

Light

1974

Memory & Cognition

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“…According to this view, the primacy effect of single-trial free recall stems from the extra rehearsal received by the first few items of a list. Although appealing in its simplicity, this hypothesis proved to be inadequate when a number of studies showed that, under some conditions, memory for rehearsed items is no better than that for unrehearsed items (e.g.. Glenberg, Smith, & Green, 1977;Jacoby & Bartz, 1972;Meunier, Ritz, & Meunier, 1972;Modigliani & Seamon, 1974;Rundus, 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions to the functional analysis of single-trial free recall.

Wixted¹,

McDowell²

1989

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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An extensive body of research generated by the now outmoded dual store model has produced a set of functional principles of single-trial free recall. One principle, termed the ratio rule, describes the properties of the recency effect, while several others based upon laws of rehearsal have been advanced to account for the primacy effect. These principles, which may eventually establish the foundation for a more comprehensive theory of list memory, were tested in three experiments. The first two experiments showed that when rehearsal is eliminated (Experiment 1) or equated (Experiment 2), reliable primacy and recency effects are obtained. The third experiment demonstrated that the effectiveness of rehearsal during list presentation declines monotonically as a function of serial position. These results contrast with the prevailing functional account of both primacy and recency effects and suggest several new lines of inquiry into the subject.For almost a century, and especially in the last 30 years, psychologists have endeavored to understand the primacy and recency effects of free recall (Murdock, 1962). The approaches taken to explain those effects in the past can be roughly divided into two categories. One approach attributed serial position effects to properties determined solely by an item's relative position within a list. Murdochs (I960) theory of stimulus distinctiveness exemplified this type of analysis. A second approach emphasized the interaction between cognitive systems and behavioral strategies such as rehearsal (e

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“…This is by no means a controversial prediction, as numerous studies have demonstrated that additional rehearsal time sees a boost in memory performance (e.g. Craik, 1970;Greene, 1987;Meunier, Ritz, & Meunier, 1972). Importantly however, overly long events may also be difficult to encode as they contain too many unique elements and hence cannot be maintained by a hippocampal theta-gamma code.…”

Section: A Role For Neural Oscillationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event conjunction: How the hippocampus integrates episodic memories across event boundaries

Griffiths¹,

Fuentemilla²

2019

Preprint

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Our lives are a continuous stream of experience. Our episodic memories, however, have a definitive beginning, middle and end. Theories of event segmentation suggest that salient changes in our environment produce event boundaries which partition the past from the present and, as a result, produce discretised memories. However, event boundaries cannot completely discretise two memories; any shared conceptual link will eagerly integrate these memories. Here, we present a new framework inspired by electrophysiological research that resolves this apparent contradiction. At its heart, the framework proposes that hippocampal theta-gamma coupling maintains a highly abstract model of an ongoing event and serves to encode this model as an episodic memory. When a second but related event begins, this theta-gamma model is rapidly reconstructed within the hippocampus where new details of the second event can be appended to the existing event model. The event conjunction framework is the first electrophysiological explanation of how event memories can be formed at, and integrated across, event boundaries.

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Rehearsal of individual items in short-term memory.

Cited by 34 publications

References 4 publications

Incentives, information, rehearsal, and the negative recency effect

Incentives, information, rehearsal, and the negative recency effect

Contributions to the functional analysis of single-trial free recall.

Event conjunction: How the hippocampus integrates episodic memories across event boundaries

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