Rehardening of Softened Enamel Surfaces of Human Teeth by Solutions of Calcium Phosphates

Koulourides, T.; Cueto, H.; Pigman, Ward

doi:10.1038/189226a0

Cited by 130 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This may be complex, however, in that at any pH capable of dissolving enamel, fluoride in solution would seem to offer some protection (ten Cate and Duijsters, 1983). For fluoride-stimulated remineralization (Koulourides et al, 1961;von der Fehr et al, 1970), the situation is less straightforward. Fluoridated mineral will have a lower solubility product and will tend to precipitate readily, mainly at the surface.…”

Section: (B) Pore Structure Of the Caries Lesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemistry of Enamel Caries

Robinson

Shore

Brookes

et al. 2000

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

318

316

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The chemical changes which occur during the process of carious destruction of enamel are complex due to a number of factors. First, substituted hydroxyapatite, the main component of dental enamel, can behave in a very complex manner during dissolution. This is due not only to its ability to accept substituent ions but also to the wide range of calcium phosphate species which can form following dissolution. In addition, the composition, i.e., the extent of substitution, changes throughout enamel in the direction of carious attack, i.e., from surface to interior. Both surface and positively birefringent zones of the lesion clearly illustrate that carious destruction is not simple dissolution. Selective dissolution of soluble minerals occurs, and there is the probability of reprecipitation. The role of fluoride here is crucial in that not only does it protect enamel per se but also its presence in solution means that rather insoluble fluoridated species can form very easily, encouraging redeposition. The role of organic material clearly needs further investigation, but there is the real possibility of both inhibition of repair and facilitation of redeposition. For the future, delivering fluoride deep into the lesion would appear to offer the prospect of improved repair. This would entail a delivery vehicle which solved the problem of fluoride uptake by apatite at the tooth surface. Elucidation of the role of organic material may also reveal putative mechanisms for encouraging repair and/or protecting the enamel mineral.

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Section: (B) Pore Structure Of the Caries Lesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemistry of Enamel Caries

Robinson

Shore

Brookes

et al. 2000

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

318

316

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“…A bovine enamel specimen sealed with FIII L was immersed in 5 ml of 0.05M monocalcium phosphate saturated solution with a pH of 7.4 adjusted with 5M potassium hydroxide 10) . This was used as artificial saliva in a plastic test tube.…”

Section: Fluoride Uptake To Bovine Enamel Treated With Fiii L and Fiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Short-Term in Vitro Fluoride Release and Recharge From Four Different Types of Pit-and-Fissure Sealants

Koga

Kameyama

Mutoh

et al. 2004

Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.

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Objective : The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the effects of four commercial fluoride-containing pit-and-fissure sealants on caries prevention. Materials and Methods : Four sealants containing fluoride, Fuji III, Fuji III LC (GC Co., Tokyo), Teethmate F-1 (Kuraray Medical Co., Osaka) and Helioseal F (Vivadent Co., Liechtenstein) were used to investigate fluoride release and recharge. Disk-shaped specimens prepared from each material were immersed in distilled water at a temperature of 37°C. After seven days, acidulated phosphate fluoride solution (APF) was applied to each specimen, and it was then again immersed in distilled water for 14 days. We then determined how much fluoride had been released into the immersing water. Fuji III LC was used with APF solution to investigate the fluoride uptake. Results : Fuji III had the highest fluoride release, and Fuji III LC had the highest fluoride recharge. Helioseal F and Teethmate F-1 had almost no fluoride recharge. Fuji III LC/APF had a higher fluoride uptake to enamel than Fuji III LC. Conclusions : These results suggest that GIC-sealants in the oral cavity can serve as a fluoride reservoir and contribute to retaining a low fluoride level in oral fluids, thereby preventing caries.

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“…The phosphorus is released from the bacteria in an acid environment mainly as orthophosphate [Herbert et al, 1971]. These aspects on one hand and the known enhancement exerted by fluoride on the phosphate uptake by the dental apatite [McCann and F ath, 1958], on the precipi tation of hydroxy-apatite [Brudevold and Messer, 1961] as well as the promotion by fluoride of enamel rehardening [Koulourides et al, 1961; on the other, gave rise to the following experiments. They…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of Phosphate of Bacterial Origin in the Phosphate Exchange and Rehardening of the Enamel and the Modifications by Fluoride, Chlorhexidine and Propanol

Luoma¹

1975

Caries Res

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Washed cells of the FA-1 and K-1 strains of Streptococcus mutans were incubated in buffered solutions, pH 5.9, that were initially either saturated or slightly undersaturated by adding enamel granules. In the presence of enamel in the system, the total cell phosphorus of the nonfermenting cells was higher than in the absence of enamel. This change was reduced by fluoride and a fluoride-propanol combination. When ³²P-labelled cells of Strep. mutans were introduced into the above system, a part of the ³²P of bacterial origin was found in the enamel. Fluoride alone and in particular fluoride together with propanol or chlorhexidine increased the uptake of bacterial ³²P by the enamel. During prolonged incubation of bacteria with softened enamel, the fluoride, especially together with chlorhexidine, caused a marked rehardening of the enamel surface.

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Rehardening of Softened Enamel Surfaces of Human Teeth by Solutions of Calcium Phosphates

Cited by 130 publications

References 6 publications

The Chemistry of Enamel Caries

The Chemistry of Enamel Caries

Comparison of Short-Term in Vitro Fluoride Release and Recharge From Four Different Types of Pit-and-Fissure Sealants

Participation of Phosphate of Bacterial Origin in the Phosphate Exchange and Rehardening of the Enamel and the Modifications by Fluoride, Chlorhexidine and Propanol

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