Rehabilitation of Women of Mature Age With Alimentary-Constitutional Obesity I-Ii Degree

Abstract

Background. Obesity is a chronic relapsing disease manifested by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue and is a consequence of an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure in individuals with a hereditary predisposition or in its absence. To treat obesity, it is necessary to normalize nutrition and lifestyle, perform therapeutic exercises according to a developed scheme of physical exertion to improve metabolism, which can be combined with pharmacotherapy, and increase the level of physical activity.
 Aim: Determination of the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program for women with dietary and constitutional obesity of the I-II degree, aimed at reducing and maintaining body weight, improving the functional state of the body, and improving the quality of their life.
 Materials and methods. 40 women aged 37±1.1 years with alimentary-constitutional obesity of the I-II degree were involved in the experimental study. 20 women were divided into two groups: control and main. In the control group, they performed general physical exercises once or twice a day, engaged in dosed walking, visited a massage therapist, followed the advice of a nutritionist. In the main group, therapeutic exercises in the morning lasting 20-25 minutes and performed at a fast pace were a mandatory component. The program included special sets of therapeutic exercises that affect fat, carbohydrate and protein metabolism.
 Results. After the experiment, positive dynamics of anthropometric indicators were recorded in both groups. At the same time, a higher level of dynamics was observed in the main group. After the experiment, the assessment of the quality of life of mature women of both groups showed an increase in the level of functioning in everyday activities and an improvement in physical condition. Rehabilitation led to an increase in the quality of life of patients in both groups of subjects with a higher level in the main group. In OG, the results of the SF-36 questionnaire showed an increase in all components of the patients' quality of life. The greatest progress was recorded in physical activity; role physical functioning; viability; psychological health.
 Conclusion. The results of the study confirmed the possibility of correction of the anthropometric parameters of adult female patients with dietary and constitutional obesity of the I-II degree and an increase in the level of physical activity, which led to the restoration of their health, by means of rehabilitation.