Rehabilitation of the Overhead Athlete’s Elbow

Wilk, Kevin E.; Ellenbecker, Todd S.; Macrina, Leonard C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-69567-5_35

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…A variety of alternative treatment options exist for forearm flexor tendon injury as well (Table 3). These include stretching, light exercise, massage, ultrasound, cryotherapy, iontophoresis, and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (52).…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forearm Flexor Tendon Injury in Adolescent Athletes: Risk Factors, Treatment, and Prevention

Elhage

Yedulla

Cross

et al. 2022

Curr Sports Med Rep

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Injury to the flexor pronator mass is a common condition that is especially prevalent in overhead throwing athletes. The increasing incidence of these injuries has promoted considerable efforts in research to better understand the pathology, risk factors, and potential mechanisms to prevent injury in these athletes. While there are numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with injury, a common theme involves chronic overuse and microtrauma with inadequate resting intervals between performances. The purpose of this review is to discuss medial elbow injuries in young athletes with a particular focus on the flexor pronator mass.

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Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forearm Flexor Tendon Injury in Adolescent Athletes: Risk Factors, Treatment, and Prevention

Elhage

Yedulla

Cross

et al. 2022

Curr Sports Med Rep

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“…Nonoperative management (rest, cessation of throwing, NSAIDs) is initially indicated for most cases. 110,117 When surgical intervention is warranted, internal fixation, typically with a cannulated screw or intramedullary screw, affords reliable results with resolution of symptoms and high rates of RTP within less than a year. 40,110,116,[118][119][120][121][122][123] Although less common, tension band constructs have also been implemented, but have been associated with a higher rate of symptomatic hardware and subsequent hardware removal.…”

Section: Olecranon Stress Fractures and Persistent Olecranon Physismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…114,[139][140][141][142] For partial UCL tears, non-operative management is attempted, which typically consists of rest from throwing, a hinged elbow brace restricting full extension, NSAIDs, and physical therapy with graduated throwing once pain free. 117 Rehabilitation of the elbow, whether following immediate injury or post-surgical, generally follows a progressive and sequential order, consisting of a 3-month course divided into four phases: (1) immediate motion, (2) intermediate, (3) advanced strengthening, and (4) return to activity. 117 In the immediate motion phase of rehabilitation, ROM is initially permitted in a non-painful arc of motion, usually from 10° to 100°, to decrease inflammation and align collagen tissue.…”

Section: Medial Elbow Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…117 Rehabilitation of the elbow, whether following immediate injury or post-surgical, generally follows a progressive and sequential order, consisting of a 3-month course divided into four phases: (1) immediate motion, (2) intermediate, (3) advanced strengthening, and (4) return to activity. 117 In the immediate motion phase of rehabilitation, ROM is initially permitted in a non-painful arc of motion, usually from 10° to 100°, to decrease inflammation and align collagen tissue. In addition, a brace is prescribed to restrict motion; isometric exercises are performed to prevent atrophy; and NSAIDs are prescribed to control pain and inflammation.…”

Section: Medial Elbow Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These exercises eventually progress to an interval return to throwing, as the athlete regains full ROM, adequate elbow strength, and dynamic stability for RTS. 117 Operative management is usually considered if symptoms continue to persist.…”

Section: Medial Elbow Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation and management of elbow injuries in the adolescent overhead athlete

2021

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With an increased interest in youth sports, the burden of overhead throwing elbow injuries accompanying early single-sport focus has steadily risen. During the overhead throwing motion, valgus torque can reach and surpass Newton meters (N m) during the late cocking and early acceleration phases, which exceeds the tensile strength (22.7–33 N m) of the ulnar collateral ligament. While the ulnar collateral ligament serves as the primary valgus stabilizer between and degrees of elbow flexion, other structures about the elbow must contribute to stability during throwing. Depending on an athlete’s stage of skeletal maturity, certain patterns of injury are observed with mechanical failures resulting from increased medial laxity, lateral-sided compression, and posterior extension shearing forces. Together, these injury patterns represent a wide range of conditions that arise from valgus extension overload. The purpose of this article is to review common pathologies observed in the adolescent overhead throwing athlete in the context of functional anatomy, osseous development, and throwing mechanics. Operative and non-operative management and their associated outcomes will be discussed for these injuries.

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Assessment of knowledge about the doping in the rehabilitation assistance of performance and recreational athletes

Tăbîrță,

Chihai,

Cebanu

et al. 2024

Balneo and PRM Research Journal

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Background: During the activity of performance and recreational athletes can arise critical situations that imply medical rehabilitation treatments. In the process of functional recovery, the applied methods can be sometimes aggressive and intense. The lack of knowledge of forbidden substances may pose a threat for the athlete’s health and performance. It is of utmost importance that the medical personnel that care for athletes take into consideration the risks and effects of doping substances. Methods: A group of 53 physicians - specialists in the field of physical medicine and sports medicine participated in the written study. The investigation was carried out according to the Questionnaire for the evaluation of anti-doping knowledge. By means of 14 categories of simple introductory questions, the questionnaire allowed the collection of data on the doctor's seniority and job, age, gender and general knowledge about substances and methods of interest in sports. The data of the participants in the questionnaires were collected and entered into a Microsoft Excel database and were analyzed in the MEDCALC statistical software program version 12.7.0. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program, version 21. Descriptive analysis was performed using the means and standard deviations of PEAS Instrument variables and mean difference tests were performed on two-response variables along with analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The majority of doctors (40/75.48%) do not have information about test procedures for inert substances and almost half of them (25/47.17%) do not know the anti-doping rules and standards developed within World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Of the people surveyed all (53/100%) positively noted the effectiveness of anti-doping programs, but 18 (33.96%) of the respondents distinguished exaggerated actions in the mass media regarding the issue of doping and 35 (66.04%) of the respondents did not have accusations against mediating the issue of doping. Of all the people investigated, the majority (49/92.45%) are ready to report on cases of doping in the anti-doping organization or the sports federation. 24 (45.28%) marked agreement in these actions and total agreement - 25 (47.17%) physicians. Conclusion: In the evaluation of the knowledge of specialist doctors involved in the assistance of people who practice performance and recreational sports, a discrepancy in the knowledge about doping was determined. The development of strategies and policies by informing doctors from medical rehabilitation and sports medicine in the field of sports doping will offer athletes access to quality medical services and safe professional activity. Keywords: medical rehabilitation of athletes, doping substances, World Anti-Doping Code

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Rehabilitation of the Overhead Athlete’s Elbow

Cited by 5 publications

References 93 publications

Forearm Flexor Tendon Injury in Adolescent Athletes: Risk Factors, Treatment, and Prevention

Forearm Flexor Tendon Injury in Adolescent Athletes: Risk Factors, Treatment, and Prevention

Evaluation and management of elbow injuries in the adolescent overhead athlete

Assessment of knowledge about the doping in the rehabilitation assistance of performance and recreational athletes

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