Rehabilitation for Multiple Sclerosis, in Adults (II); Management and Impact on Impairment, Functioning, and Quality of Life: An Overview

Abstract

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) may lead to different severity and progression of impairment and disability and to dissimilar levels of limitation in activities and participation in different social domains, with impacts on quality of life (QoL) of persons with MS (PwMS). Results have shown that PwMS prioritizing goalsetting may enhance adherence to treatment; that interdisciplinary rehabilitation may prolong PwMS' functional status level, display transient improvement in the aspects of impairment features, increase their participation in activities, and improve their QoL, despite not modifying disease progression; that single rehabilitation packages of comprehensive care components have proven beneficial, such as physiotherapy, enhancing aerobic capacity, strength, pain, mood, mobility, and QoL; occupational therapy, reducing the impact of impairment on QoL, especially fatigue; neuropsychological interventions, such as learning and memory remediation; psychological intervention for depressive disorders; coping, self-management techniques, helping to adjust to disease and disability; speech therapy, improving intelligibility; swallowing techniques, preventing material from entering the airway; clean intermittent self-catheterism, avoiding urinary tract infections; power wheelchairs, enhancing occupational performance and energy conservation. Further Vocational Rehabilitation settings and research are required for more appropriate interventions due to high unemployment rates among PwMS. Comprehensive information should include planning for future independent living and long-term care needs.different body function and body structure impairment, and related terms. The development of each heading was structured in an introduction, aim and results format.A summary summed up results. In the Ph heading there was a common introduction and aim, while results and summary were described under each subheading. CM texts presented a description of CM's features and summary, since no evidence-based results about its effectiveness on MS were found. Refworks was used as reference management to index and cite the references in the text. In this manuscript, medical therapeutic interventions, such as pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy, and interventions for caregivers have not been included. Original authors' expressions, such as "multidisciplinary RHB", were accepted. I. Rehabilitation planning and interdisciplinary Rehabilitation interventions Rehabilitation planningphysicians' role 14 . In different countries, this function has been assumed by Neurologists. Features of its goals have been described as specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timed (SMART) 16 . PwMS and their significant others, and multiprofessional teams did not necessarily agree on GS and on expectations as to the amount of improvement and the likelihood of achieving their goals 31 Achieving goals could be measured by means of Goal Attainment Scaling 32 . AimThe aim was to report on the effectiveness of RHBP, applied to PwMS. ResultsThe effectivenes...