Rehabilitation and upgrading wastewater treatment plant for safe irrigation reuse in remote area

Abstract

This study presents an extensive evaluation of a full-scale sewage treatment system in a remote area with a population of 9,000 equivalents in Egypt. The present achievement can be implemented in several arid and semi-arid areas. Previously, this treatment system was heavily destroyed during the turmoil and became completely out of operation. Presently, the capacity of the treatment system increased from 345.5 to 648 m3/d. The present rehabilitation, upgrading, and optimizing consisted of rebuilding the main construction system, addition of chemical coagulation/sedimentation, Gravel Bed Hydroponic Wetland (GBHW) followed by waste maturation pond at a surface area of 784 m2. Results indicated that the overall removal of the pollution parameters namely: turbidity, TSS, COD, BOD5, and oil&grease were excellent (ranged between 96.9 to 99%). Further improvement was achieved by employing the maturation pond. In addition, successful removal of the nutrients elements, in the final treated effluent reached 83.4% for TKN, 99.3% for ammonia-nitrogen, 63.4% for organic nitrogen, and 59.8% for TP. The pathogen removal was excellent, namely: Faecal Coliform, and E.Coli where the overall removal reached 100% each one (more than ten and six order of magnitude). Meanwhile, the Number of cells or eggs of Nimatoda Count/L in the raw wastewater was also removed at 100% in the final treated effluent.

The Performance and Feasibility of Solar-Powered Desalination for Brackish Groundwater in Egypt

“…Egypt, located in an arid region, heavily relies on the Nile River, receiving an annual allocation of 55.5 billion cubic meters (BCM) through a treaty with Sudan. Despite having a vast land area (approximately 1.01 million km 2 ), 97% of the Egyptian population resides in the Nile Valley and Delta [1]. The nation faces numerous water resource challenges, including rapid population growth, uneven distribution, urbanization, declining water quality, government land reclamation policies, and unsustainable water use practices.…”

Investigating the potential of producing eco-friendly liquid biofertilizer from domestic wastewater

“…Meanwhile, the explosion in population of the world has resulted in a 1.8% annual increase in demand for fertilizers which contain important nutrients (Yan et al, 2018). According to studies, domestic wastewater contain nutrients that can be used in agriculture (Abdel-Shafy & Mansour, 2020;Bonvin et al, 2015). Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are all important nutrients that can be recovered, concentrated, or eliminated from wastewater to create fertilizer for agricultural development.…”