Regulatory T Cell Properties of Chicken CD4+CD25+ Cells

Abstract

Chicken CD4+CD25+ cells were characterized for mammalian regulatory T cells’ suppressive and cytokine production properties. Anti-chicken CD25 mAb was produced in mice and conjugated with a fluorescent tag. The specificity of the Ab against chicken CD25 was confirmed by evaluating Con A-induced CD25 upregulation in thymocytes and by quantifying the CD25 mRNA content of positive and negative cells identified by anti-chicken CD25 Ab. The percentage of CD4+CD25+ cells, expressed as a percentage of CD4+ cells, in thymus and blood was ∼3–7%, in spleen was 10%, and in cecal tonsil, lung, and bone marrow was ∼15%. Bursa had no detectable CD4+CD25+ cells. CD25+ cells were mostly CD4+ in the thymus, whereas in every other organ studied, CD25+ cells were distributed between CD4+ and CD4− cells. Chicken thymic CD4+CD25+ cells did not proliferate in vitro in the absence of recombinant chicken IL-2 (rCIL-2). In the presence of rCIL-2, PMA plus ionomycin or Con A stimulated CD4+CD25+ cell proliferation, whereas anti-CD3 plus CD28 did not stimulate CD4+CD25+ cell proliferation. Naive CD4+CD25+ cells had 29-fold more IL-10 mRNA and 15-fold more TGF-β mRNA than the naive CD4+CD25− cells. Naive CD4+CD25+ had no detectable IL-2 mRNA. Both naive and PMA plus ionomycin-stimulated thymic CD4+CD25+ cells suppressed naive T cell proliferation. The suppressive properties were partially contact dependent. Supplementing CD4+CD25+ cell coculture with rCIL-2 reversed the suppressive properties of CD4+CD25+ cells. Chicken CD4+CD25+ cells have suppressive properties similar to that of mammalian regulatory T cells.

Dexamethasone Regulates Macrophage and Cd4+Cd25+ Cell Numbers in the Chicken Spleen

“…In our study, the population of lymphocytes (CD4 + CD25 + ) was lowerin Eimeria-inoculated birds treated with DEX compared with those vaccinated (i.e., between Dex+V x V groups). The reduction in number of these cells may have triggered the release of small amounts of IL-10, a cytokine that is known to inhibit macrophage responses (Shanmugasundaram & Selvaraj, 2011). In this context, an abrogation of regulatory T lymphocytes is consistent with data reported elsewhere for lymphocyte proliferation (Shanmugasundaram & Selvaraj, 2011).…”

“…Recent biotechnological developments have contributed for the characterization of novel phenotypes of avian immune cells (Kaiser, 2010 (Shanmugasundaram & Selvaraj, 2011, 2012a, 2012bSelvaraj, 2013). Studies in the field of neuroimmunomodulation are showing that these lymphocyte populations and mainly the resident cells present in lymphoid organs, such as those of the spleen and cecal tonsils, play relevant and definitive roles in the course of infectious diseases (Shanmugasundaram & Selvaraj, 2011, 2012a, 2012bSelvaraj, 2013).…”

“…Studies in the field of neuroimmunomodulation are showing that these lymphocyte populations and mainly the resident cells present in lymphoid organs, such as those of the spleen and cecal tonsils, play relevant and definitive roles in the course of infectious diseases (Shanmugasundaram & Selvaraj, 2011, 2012a, 2012bSelvaraj, 2013).…”

Marek's Disease Viral Interleukin-8 Promotes Lymphoma Formation through Targeted Recruitment of B Cells and CD4 + CD25 + T Cells

“…Secondary anti-human Fc (huFc)-Cy5, anti-mouse IgG Alexa Fluor 488 (Fab fragment), and anti-mouse IgM-fluorescein isothiocyanate antibodies were used at dilutions of 1:1,000. CD25 staining was performed as the last step of the staining procedure using a phycoerythrin-labeled mouse anti-CD25 antibody at a 1:100 dilution (37). Stained cells were fixed with 0.5% paraformaldehyde (PFA) and analyzed using a FACScalibur flow cytometer (BD Bioscience), and data were evaluated using FlowJo software (Tree Star Inc.).…”

Interaction of infectious bursal disease virus with the immune system of poultry

“…It has been well documented that CD4 CD25 regulatory T cells play an immunosuppressive role in many diseases (Yu et al, 2015) and the chickens CD4 CD25 cells have the similar suppressive and cytokine production properties (Shanmugasundaram and Selvaraj, 2011). Upon infection with Harbin-1 (very virulent) or Ts (moderately virulent) strains of the IBDV, CD4 CD25 cells migrated out from the thymus (observed up to 5dpi) and this was more than any other CD4 cells.…”