Regulatory Role of Amino Acids in Pigs Fed on Protein-restricted Diets

Kim, Sung Woo; Chen, Hongyu; Parnsen, W.

doi:10.2174/1389203719666180517100746

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…It is important to note that microbiota in the small intestine also have the ability to ferment proteins however, to a lower extent ( Davila et al., 2013 ). The level of crude protein in the diet can affect the intestinal microbiota by increasing the nitrogen availability as well as the pH of the digesta, favoring the proliferation of proteolytic bacteria and potential pathogens ( Kim et al., 2018 ). The major bacteria fermenting protein in the small intestine include Klebsitella spp., E. coli, Streptococcus spp.…”

Section: Interaction Among Diets Microbiota and Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal microbiota and its interaction to intestinal health in nursery pigs

Duarte

Kim

2022

Animal Nutrition

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The intestinal microbiota has gained increased attention from researchers within the swine industry due to its role in promoting intestinal maturation, immune system modulation, and consequently the enhancement of the health and growth performance of the host. This review aimed to provide updated scientific information on the interaction among intestinal microbiota, dietary components, and intestinal health of pigs. The small intestine is a key site to evaluate the interaction of the microbiota, diet, and host because it is the main site for digestion and absorption of nutrients and plays an important role within the immune system. The diet and its associated components such as feed additives are the main factors affecting the microbial composition and is central in stimulating a beneficial population of microbiota. The microbiota–host interaction modulates the immune system, and, concurrently, the immune system helps to modulate the microbiota composition. The direct interaction between the microbiota and the host is an indication that the mucosa-associated microbiota can be more effective in evaluating its effect on health parameters. It was demonstrated that the mucosa-associated microbiota should be evaluated when analyzing the interaction among diets, microbiota, and health. In addition, supplementation of feed additives aimed to promote the intestinal health of pigs should consider their roles in the modulation of mucosa-associated microbiota as biomarkers to predict the response of growth performance to dietary interventions.

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Section: Interaction Among Diets Microbiota and Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal microbiota and its interaction to intestinal health in nursery pigs

Duarte

Kim

2022

Animal Nutrition

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“…The major target of these alternatives has been affecting and improving intestinal health of pigs with some promising outcomes but still without complete answers to replace AGP [9,54,55]. Potential and partial success has been obtained from the use of prebiotics [56,57], probiotics or direct-fed microbials [53,58], postbiotics [59][60][61], phytobiotics [62][63][64], nonstarch polysaccharide degrading enzymes (NSPases) [24,[65][66][67], functional amino acids [68][69][70], acidifiers or organic acids [71,72], and other bioactive compounds [38,73,74].…”

Section: Nutritional Strategies Targeting Intestinal Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding intestinal health in nursery pigs and the relevant nutritional strategies

Kim

Duarte

2021

Anim Biosci

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In the modern pig production, pigs are weaned at early age with immature intestine. Dietary and environmental factors challenge the intestine, specifically the jejunum, causing inflammation and oxidative stress followed by destruction of epithelial barrier and villus structures in the jejunum. Crypt cell proliferation increases to repair damages in the jejunum. Challenges to maintain the intestinal health have been shown to be related to changes in the profile of mucosa-associated microbiota in the jejunum of nursery pigs. All these processes can be quantified as biomarkers to determine status of intestinal health related to growth potential of nursery pigs. Nursery pigs with impaired intestinal health show reduced ability of nutrient digestion and thus reduced growth. A tremendous amount of research effort has been made to determine nutritional strategies to maintain or improve intestinal health and microbiota in nursery pigs. A large number of feed additives have been evaluated for their effectiveness on improving intestinal health and balancing intestinal microbiota in nursery pigs. Selected prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, and other bioactive compounds can be used in feeds to handle issues with intestinal health. Selection of these feed additives should aim modulating biomarkers indicating intestinal health. This review aims to define intestinal health and introduce examples of nutritional approaches to handle intestinal health in nursery pigs.

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“…However, an imbalance of amino acids in the diet could cause serious negative effects (Maurin et al, 2014). Therefore, in order to obtain balanced nutrition, it is not enough to consider the accumulation of protein; the proportion of amino acids in dietary protein should also be considered (Kim et al, 2019). Studies show that simply increasing the protein concentration of maize grains may not necessarily improve its nutritional quality and even has a negative impact .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Regulation of Nitrogen and Sulfur on Redox Balance of Maize Leaves and Amino Acids Balance of Grains

et al. 2020

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As a primary food crop, maize is widely grown around the world. However, the deficiency of essential amino acids, such as lysine, tryptophan, and methionine, results in poor nutritional quality of maize. In addition, the protein concentration of maize declines with the increase in yield, which further reduces the nutritional quality. Here, the photosynthesis of leaves, grain amino acid composition, and stoichiometry of N and S are explored. The results show that N and S maintained the redox balance by increasing the content of glutathione in maize leaves, thereby enhancing the photosynthetic rate and maize yield. Simultaneously, the synergy of N and S increased the grain protein concentration and promoted amino acid balance by increasing the cysteine concentration in maize grains. The maize yield, grain protein concentration, and concentration of essential amino acids, such as lysine, tryptophan, and methionine, could be simultaneously increased in the N:S ratio range of 11.0 to 12.0. Overall, the synergy of N and S simultaneously improved the maize yield and nutritional quality by regulating the redox balance of maize leaves and the amino acids balance of grains, which provides a new theoretical basis and practical method for sustainable production of maize.

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Regulatory Role of Amino Acids in Pigs Fed on Protein-restricted Diets

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Intestinal microbiota and its interaction to intestinal health in nursery pigs

Intestinal microbiota and its interaction to intestinal health in nursery pigs

Understanding intestinal health in nursery pigs and the relevant nutritional strategies

Synergistic Regulation of Nitrogen and Sulfur on Redox Balance of Maize Leaves and Amino Acids Balance of Grains

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