Regulatory peptides as modulators of vagal influence on cardiac rhythm

Pokrovsky, V. M.; Osadchiy, Oleg

doi:10.1139/y95-175

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In support of this notion, NT administration is associated with heart rate acceleration in rat (Bachelard et al, 1992;Chahl and Walker, 1981;Rioux et al, 1982a, 1982b), guinea-pig (Bachelard et al, 1985Kerouac et al, 1981;Nisato et al, 1994;Rioux et al, 1982a;Rioux and Lemieux, 1992), and cat (Pokrovsky and Osadchiy, 1995).…”

Section: Basal Heart Ratementioning

confidence: 90%

Emerging role of neurotensin in regulation of the cardiovascular system

Osadchii

2015

European Journal of Pharmacology

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Section: Basal Heart Ratementioning

confidence: 90%

Emerging role of neurotensin in regulation of the cardiovascular system

Osadchii

2015

European Journal of Pharmacology

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“…Somatostatin and neurotensin have been identified in the heart. Somatostatin is known to activate the membrane current due to K ACh [39]; it potentiates the phase-dependent effect but diminishes the tetanic effect [40]. Neurotensin potentiates the tetanic effect.…”

Section: Influence Of Cholinesterase Inhibitors On the Phase Dependenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Effect of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Used in Alzheimers Disease - from Basic Research to Bedside

Masuda

2004

CAR

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In this review, the basic mechanism of the parasympathetic nervous effect on the heart is discussed. This is expanded to clinical situations to clarify what can happen to patients after cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor is administered and to avoid unnecessary adverse effects. The parasympathetic nervous system can affect heart as well as brain function, and its effect on the heart is more complicated than is generally thought. The best-known effect is the cardioinhibitory effect, i.e. slowing of the heart rate. Its effect is also very sensitive to the time at which the stimulus falls within the cardiac cycle (phase-dependent effect). On some occasions, a cardiostimulatory effect can be observed. The parasympathetic nervous system also interacts with the sympathetic nervous system (sympathetic-parasympathetic interaction). ChE inhibitors or acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are often being administered to improve cognitive function of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The heart is naturally rich with ChE, and its inhibition may affect cardiac function, especially in elderly patients, many of whom have concomitant cardiovascular disease. Inhibition of ChE retards ACh degradation and potentiates the cardioinhibitory effect. However, the effect of ChE inhibitor is only slight in patients that receive a typical dose. After administration of ChE inhibitor in humans, the phase-dependent effect is reduced because the parasympathetic nervous effect is potentiated and saturated (saturation mechanism). Beat-by-beat fluctuation is reduced. ChE inhibitor increases arterial blood pressure through central M1 and M2 subtypes of muscarinic receptors (Br J Pharmacol 127:1657-1665, 1999). However, diastolic blood pressure increases slightly.

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“…Along with the inhibitory tonic component, the chronotropic effect contains a synchronizing component that controls cardiac rhythm under conditions of VN stimulation [13]. These components are probably associated with different muscarinic receptors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamics of vagal chronotropic effects during blockade of different types of muscarinic cholinergic receptors

Osadchii

Pokrovskii

1999

Bull Exp Biol Med

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Different changes in vagal chronotropic effects were observed in cats under blockade of various types of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Burst stimulation of the vagus nerve caused synchronization of the vagal and cardiac rhythms, which was potentiated by M a and M 3 receptor antagonists and suppressed by the M 2 blocker gallamine. The components of the vagal chronotropic effect showed different sensitivity to selective M-cholinolytics.Key Words: muscarini cholinergic receptors; vagal chronotropic effect Heterogenous population of muscarinic cholinergic receptors includes at least 5 subtypes which are distinguished by their structure, location, and functional properties [7]. In the myocardium, M2receptors are the predominant type of receptors. They mediate the inhibitory effects of the vagus nerve (VN) stimulation. However, there is evidence that other types of cholinergic receptors are also implicated in the regulation of cardiac activity. For instance in rats and guinea pigs, the intracardial neurons contain RNAs encoding four types of muscarinic receptors (M1-M 4) [9]. Receptors of different types may play different functional roles. For instance, in dogs MI receptor blockade significantly weakened the vagal chronotropic effect (VCE), but did not affect the vagal influence on the myocardial conductivity and contractility [5,12].These findings can be used in the analysis of VCE mechanisms. Along with the inhibitory tonic component, the chronotropic effect contains a synchronizing component that controls cardiac rhythm under conditions of VN stimulation [13]. These components are probably associated with different muscarinic receptors. In this study we checked up this hypothesis. MATERIALS AND METHODSExperiments were carried out on 27 cats weighing 3-4 kg anesthetized with intraperitoneal Chloralose-NemDepartment Physiolo9y, Kuban Medical Academy, Krasnodar butai mixture (75:15 mg/kg) and 'artificially ventilated. The peripheral end of the right VN was stimulated with short 40 Hz trains of 3, 6, or 9 rectangular pulses of 0.2 msec duration and 5-6 thresholds' intensity. Amplified ECG was recorded by a unipolar probe inserted through the femoral vein into the right atrium. The following selective M-receptor antagonists were used: pirenzepine (M1), gallamine (M2), and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-(2-chlorethyl)-piperidine (4-DAMP. M3) [6]. The drugs (0.002-0. 2 mg/kg ) were infused intravenously. The data were analyzed statistically by the method of direct differences [ 1 ].

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Regulatory peptides as modulators of vagal influence on cardiac rhythm

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Emerging role of neurotensin in regulation of the cardiovascular system

Emerging role of neurotensin in regulation of the cardiovascular system

Cardiac Effect of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Used in Alzheimers Disease - from Basic Research to Bedside

Dynamics of vagal chronotropic effects during blockade of different types of muscarinic cholinergic receptors

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