Regulatory effect of dexamethasone on tracheal calcium processing proteins and mucosal secretion

Jeon, Bo-Hui; Lee, Bonn; Jung, Eui-Man; Jeung, Eui‐Bae

doi:10.1530/endoabs.63.p66

Cited by 1 publication

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“…All animals were nurtured in polycarbonate cages and acclimated to an environmentally controlled room. Detailed information regarding the maintenance was as previously described [ 35 ]. After the acclimatization, female mice were mated with male mice overnight at a proportion of 2:1, and the presence of a vaginal plug was set as embryonic day (E) 0.5.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Exposure to Diazinon and Nicotine Exerts a Synergistic Adverse Effect In Vitro and Disrupts Brain Development and Behaviors In Vivo

Lee

Park

Jeong

et al. 2021

IJMS

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A real-life environment during pregnancy involves multiple and simultaneous exposures to toxic chemicals. Perinatal exposures to toxic chemicals have been reported to exert an inhibitory effect on mouse neural development and behaviors. However, the effect of combined exposures of organophosphate and nicotine has not been previously reported. In this study, we investigated whether a combined exposure of diazinon and nicotine can have a synergistic effect. The effects of the combined chemical exposure on cell viability and neuronal differentiation were examined using mouse Sox1-GFP cells. Additionally, mice were maternally administered 0.18 mg/kg diazinon, a no adverse effect level (NOAEL) dose, combined with 0.4, 1, and 2 mg/kg nicotine. Mice offspring underwent behavior tests to assess locomotor, depressive, cognitive, and social behaviors. Morphological change in the brain was investigated with immunolocalization. We revealed that the combined exposure to diazinon and nicotine can have a synergistic adverse effect in vitro. In addition, the chemical-treated mouse offspring showed abnormalities in motor learning, compulsive-like behaviors, spatial learning, and social interaction patterns. Moreover, 0.18 mg/kg diazinon and 2 mg/kg nicotine co-exposure resulted in an increase in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive dopaminergic neurons. Thus, the findings suggest that perinatal co-exposure to nicotine and diazinon can result in abnormal neurodevelopment and behavior, even at low-level administration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%