Regulatory aspects of esterase 6 activity variation in sibling Drosophila species

Karotam, Jill; Oakeshott, John G.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1993.105

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…One possibility is that selection for preferred codon usage has become stronger in D. simulans since its divergence from D. melanogaster. The est-6 gene product is, in fact, found at higher levels in D. simulans homogenates at certain stages of the life cycle (Karotam and Oakeshott 1992). However, this may not reflect an increase in expression in D. simulans; it could also reflect a decrease in D. melanogaster.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Recent Selection on Synonymous Codon Usage in Drosophila

Kliman

1999

J Mol Evol

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Evidence from a variety of sources indicates that selection has influenced synonymous codon usage in Drosophila. It has generally been difficult, however, to distinguish selection that acted in the distant past from ongoing selection. However, under a neutral model, polymorphisms usually reflect more recent mutations than fixed differences between species and may, therefore, be useful for inferring recent selection. If the ancestral state is preferred, selection should shift the frequency distribution of derived states/site toward lower values; if the ancestral is unpreferred, selection should increase the number of derived states/site. Polymorphisms were classified as ancestrally preferred or unpreferred for several genes of D. simulans and D. melanogaster. A computer simulation of coalescence was employed to derive the expected frequency distributions of derived states/site under various modifications of the Wright-Fisher neutral model, and distributions of test statistics (t and Mann-Whitney U) were derived by appropriate sampling. One-tailed tests were applied to transformed frequency data to assess whether the two frequency distributions deviated from neutral expectations in the direction predicted by selection on codon usage. Several genes from D. simulans appear to be subject to recent selection on synonymous codons, including one gene with low codon bias, esterase-6. Selection may also be acting in D. melanogaster.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Recent Selection on Synonymous Codon Usage in Drosophila

Kliman

1999

J Mol Evol

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“…Most of the species in these subgenera expresses Est-6 in the male ejaculatory ducts although its activity differs between species (Oakeshott, Healy & Game, 1990). Several studies correlate EST-6 with another b-esterases of Drosophila, suggesting a possible homology between them (Morton & Singh, 1985, Brady, Richmond & Oakeshott, 1990Karotam & Oakeshott, 1993;Oakeshott et al, 2001). Brady, Richmond and Oakeshott (1990) and Brady and Richmond (1992) described a duplication model to explain the origin of the Est-5A and Est-5B genes in D. pseudoobscura and Est-P, named as EST-7 to Dumancic et al (1997) and Est-6 in D. melanogaster.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Characterization of Esterases in a Brazilian Population of Zaprionus Indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

2006

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The aim of this study was to characterize esterases in Zaprionus indianus, a drosophilid recently introduced into Brazil. A further aim was study the variation of activity of esterases in the presence of inhibitors and their expression according to sex, sexual activity and age of individual flies. Polymorphisms were detected in two esterase loci (Est-2 and Est-3) and monomorphisms in four others (Est-1, Est-4, Est-5 and Est-6). Biochemical tests using alpha- and beta-naphthyl acetate and the inhibitors malathion, eserine sulphate and PMSF allowed us to classify EST-2 and EST-5 as beta-esterases, both carboxyl-esterases, and EST-1, EST-3, EST-4 and EST-6 as alpha-esterases. EST-1 and EST-3 were classified as carboxyl-esterases and EST-4 and EST-6 as cholinesterases. EST-5 activity was more pronounced in males and EST-2 was restricted to them or to recently copulated females. EST-4, rarely detected, was not characterized. Based on their biochemical characteristics possible roles for these enzymes are suggested.

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“…Using these tests, the esterases in the gels are basically classified as carboxylesterases, cholinesterases, arylesterases and acetylesterases. According to Oakeshott et al (1993), carboxylesterases are inhibited by the organophosphorous insecticide malathion which blocks their visualization in the gels; cholinesterases are inhibited by both the organophosphorous insecticides and eserine sulphate; arylesterases are inhibited by sulphydrylic agents (such as p-Chloromercuribenzoate); and acetylesterases are not inhibited by the mentioned substances.…”

Section: Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Drosophila, these genes have been extensively used in studies of species in the melanogaster subgroup (Cohn & Moore, 1988;Laurie et al, 1990;Wu, Mote & Brennan, 1990), in the mulleri complex of the repleta group (Fischer & Maniatis, 1988) and also in the Hawaiian picturewinged species (Brennan, Wu & Berry, 1988;Wu, Mote & Brennan, 1990;Fang & Brennan, 1992). In addition to information on the tissue-and stagespecific variation of expression and on the control mechanisms at the molecular level, ontogenetic studies on enzyme systems of close species may also be valuable for understanding basic changes which occurred during evolution within a species group (Prakash & Reddy, 1978;Oakeshott et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Study on the Esterase Patterns of Sibling Species in the Drosophila saltans Subgroup (saltans Group): Intraspecific and Interspecific Variations in the Development

Nascimento¹,

Bicudo²

2006

Genetica

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Twenty of the 32 esterase bands previously detected in the adults of D. prosaltans, D. saltans and D. austrosaltans were found in larvae and pupae studied in this work. The results showed that, in addition to expressing the highest number of esterase bands, the adult stage of the three species exhibited the highest degree of expression (amount of synthesis) for most of the bands. Differences between larval and pupal stages were detected in the degree of expression (amount of synthesis) of the bands and in the frequency of samples expressing them. The frequencies of expression of the bands corresponding to genes in loci 1-3 were greater in pupae than in larvae while the frequencies of expression of the bands corresponding to genes in loci 4-9 were predominantly expressed in larvae or were equal in both developmental stages. Like the adults, larvae, pupae and empty pupal cases (which were also studied in this work) showed specific esterases. Taken together, the observations showed that, in the species studied, every developmental stage is characterized by specific bands and by specific frequency and degree of expression of the bands shared with other stages.

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Regulatory aspects of esterase 6 activity variation in sibling Drosophila species

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Recent Selection on Synonymous Codon Usage in Drosophila

Recent Selection on Synonymous Codon Usage in Drosophila

Characterization of Esterases in a Brazilian Population of Zaprionus Indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Further Study on the Esterase Patterns of Sibling Species in the Drosophila saltans Subgroup (saltans Group): Intraspecific and Interspecific Variations in the Development

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