Regulators of PP2C Phosphatase Activity Function as Abscisic Acid Sensors

Ma, Yue; Szostkiewicz, Izabela; Korte, Arthur; Moes, Danièle; Yang, Yi; Christmann, Alexander; Grill, Erwin

doi:10.1126/science.1172408

Cited by 1,981 publications

(2,039 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Indeed, experiments by Melcher et al, [15] using a SnRK2.6 peptide that acts as physiological substrate of HAB1 indicate a competitive inhibitor mechanism between ABA-bound PYL2 and HAB1 in agreement with the structural data. These results however, contrast with those reported by Ma et al, [9], which using a non-peptidic PP2C substrate (methyl-umbelliferyl-phosphate) concluded that the mode of inhibition of ABI2 by RCAR1/PYL9 occurs through non-competitive inactivation of the enzyme.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Aba-dependent Inhibition Of Pp2cs By Pyr/pyl/rccontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…Finally, a chemical genetic approach using a synthetic selective ABA agonist, pyrabactin, made it possible to identify a family of soluble ABA receptors, named PYR/PYL/RCAR for PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE1/PYR1-LIKE/ REGULATORY COMPONENTS OF ABA RECEPTORS, respectively [8,9]. In a convergent approach, yeast-two hybrid screenings [9,10] and in planta interaction studies [11] identified these receptors through their capacity to bind to phosphatases type-2C (PP2Cs), which are key negative regulatory components of the pathway involved in the dephosphorylation of certain sucrose non-fermenting 1-related subfamily 2 (SnRK2) kinases [12,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural insights into PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors and PP2Cs

et al. 2012

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Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an essential function in plant physiology since it is required for biotic and abiotic stress responses as well as control of plant growth and development. A new family of soluble ABA receptors, named PYR/PYL/RCAR, has emerged as ABA sensors able to inhibit the activity of specific protein phosphatases type-2C (PP2Cs) in an ABAdependent manner. The structural and functional mechanism by which ABA is perceived by these receptors and consequently leads to inhibition of the PP2Cs has been recently elucidated. The module PYR/PYL/RCAR-ABA-PP2C offers an elegant and unprecedented mechanism to control phosphorylation signaling cascades in a ligand-dependent manner. The knowledge of their three-dimensional structures paves the way to the design of ABA agonists able to modulate the plant stress response.

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Section: Mechanism Of Aba-dependent Inhibition Of Pp2cs By Pyr/pyl/rccontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural insights into PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors and PP2Cs

et al. 2012

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“…A bscisic acid (ABA) is essential for plant adaptation to abiotic stresses, such as drought [1][2][3][4] . The identification of the PYR/PYLs/RCAR protein family (hereafter referred to as PYLs) as ABA receptors has led to a breakthrough in ABA signalling.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…ABA binds to PYLs, promoting their interaction with PP2Cs and inhibiting their phosphatase activity [5][6][7] . Thus, SnRK2s are released from PP2C-SnRK2 complexes to phosphorylate downstream effectors and activate ABA signalling 3,5,6,[8][9][10] . Over the past several years, the structures and molecular functions of ABA receptors have received significant attention [9][10][11] .…”

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confidence: 99%

ABA signalling is fine-tuned by antagonistic HAB1 variants

et al. 2015

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Group A protein type 2C phosphatases (PP2Cs) are negative regulators of abscisic acid (ABA) signalling and plant adaptation to stress. However, our knowledge of the regulation of PP2C activity is limited. Here we report that the PP2C HAB1 undergoes alternative splicing to produce two splice variants, which encode HAB1.1 and HAB1.2, that play opposing roles in ABA-mediated seed germination and ABA-mediated post-germination developmental arrest. HAB1.2 is predominately formed in the presence of ABA and prevents seed germination and post-germinative growth. HAB1.2 interacts with OST1, but cannot inhibit OST1 kinase activity; thus, it functions as a positive regulator of ABA signalling. We also identified an RNA-recognition motif-containing protein, RBM25, as a potential regulator of HAB1 alternative splicing and molecular diversity. Our results reveal a mechanism for turning ABA signalling on and off and for plant adaptation to abiotic stress.

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“…1,2 In Arabidopsis , binding of the PYR/PYL/RCAR receptor proteins to ABA triggers the formation of ternary complexes with group-A protein phosphatase 2Cs (PP2Cs) and derepresses the subclass III SnRK2 protein kinases such as SRK2D/SnRK2.2, SRK2E/OST1/SnRK2.6, SRK2I/SnRK2.3. 3–7 Then, the SnRK2s phosphorylate basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors such as ABRE-binding protein/ABRE-binding factors (AREB/ABFs), which then activate the expression of ABA-responsive genes. 8–13 ABRE-dependent gene expression plays a major role in ABA-responsive gene expression as ABA signal output under dehydration stress.…”

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confidence: 99%

Protein kinase CK2α subunits constitutively activate ABA signaling in Arabidopsis

Nagatoshi

Fujita

2018

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Protein kinase CK2 (formerly known as casein kinase II), a Ser/Thr protein kinase highly conserved in eukaryotes, is essential for cell survival by regulating a wide range of plant growth, development, and stress responses. A growing body of evidence has shown a link between CK2 and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in response to abiotic stress. However, the roles of CK2 subunits in ABA signaling remain unclear in plants. Our recent work in Arabidopsis thaliana has revealed that CK2α and CK2β subunits inversely modulate ABA signal output. Here, we examine the roles of CK2αs, by assessing how CK2αs affect ABA signaling. Together with the previous findings, our mutant and transient expression analyses demonstrate that CK2αs positively modulate ABA signaling through the core ABA signaling pathway in the presence of ABA, though the positive effect of CK2αs are much smaller than that of core ABA signaling components in ABA response. In addtion, our current and previous findings also suggest that CK2αs play a role in maintaining constitutively active ABA signaling even in the absence of ABA independently of the core ABA signaling pathway. Thus, we found that CK2αs constitutively activate ABA signaling in the presence or absence of ABA in a different manner in Arabidopsis plants.

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Regulators of PP2C Phosphatase Activity Function as Abscisic Acid Sensors

Cited by 1,981 publications

References 33 publications

Structural insights into PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors and PP2Cs

Structural insights into PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors and PP2Cs

ABA signalling is fine-tuned by antagonistic HAB1 variants

Protein kinase CK2α subunits constitutively activate ABA signaling in Arabidopsis

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