Regulation of Water Use in Relation to Carbon Gain in Higher Plants

Cowan, I. R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68150-9_18

Cited by 305 publications

(259 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Indeed, Hall and Schulze [1980] found a reduction in l with increasing soil water deficits, and such a reduction is also anticipated on theoretical grounds [Cowan, 1982;Mäkelä et al, 1996]. Other things being equal, a reduction in l represents a reduction in g s (equation (A11)) and an associated reduction in C i /C a ( Figure A1).…”

Section: Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Arneth

Lloyd

Šantrůčková

et al. 2002

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

147

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[1] Twenty tree ring 13 C/ 12 C ratio chronologies from Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) trees were determined from five locations sampled along the Yenisei River, spaced over a total distance of $1000 km between the cities of Turuhansk (66°N) and Krasnoyarsk (56°N). The transect covered the major part of the natural distribution of Scots pine in the region with median growing season temperatures and precipitation varying from 12.2°C and 218 mm to 14.0°C and 278 mm for Turuhansk and Krasnoyarsk, respectively. A key focus of the study was to investigate the effects of variations in temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric CO 2 concentration on long-and shortterm variation in photosynthetic 13 C discrimination during photosynthesis and the marginal cost of tree water use, as reflected in the differences in the historical records of the 13 C / 12 C ratio in wood cellulose compared to that of the atmosphere (D 13 C c ). In 17 of the 20 samples, trees D 13 C c has declined during the last 150 years, particularly so during the second half of the twentieth century. Using a model of stomatal behaviour combined with a process-based photosynthesis model, we deduce that this trend indicates a long-term decrease in canopy stomatal conductance, probably in response to increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. This response being observed for most trees along the transect is suggestive of widespread decreases in D 13 C c and increased water use efficiency for Scots pine in central Siberia over the last century. Overlying short-term variations in D 13 C c were also accounted for by the model and were related to variations in growing season soil water deficit and atmospheric humidity.

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Section: Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Arneth

Lloyd

Šantrůčková

et al. 2002

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

147

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“…Stomata provide plants with a primary means for adjusting to changes in the environment and usually constitute the main resistance in the pathway ofCO2 uptake in leaves (4,17 (Table I) by using a Gamma C-3 spectral-radiometer to measure the emission spectrum from 300 to 800 nm and multiplying the obtained values by the action spectrum for photosynthetic quantum yield (10 Preliminary analysis of the data showed that there was no proportionality between increments and initial values, allowing the use of the data themselves rather than their logarithms, and that there was no significant skewness or other features in the data which would have invalidated a t test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal Limitation to Carbon Gain in Paphiopedilum sp. (Orchidaceae) and Its Reversal by Blue Light

Zeiger¹,

Grivet²,

Assmann³

et al. 1985

Plant Physiol.

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The overall low levels of stomatal conductance observed in Paphiopedilum leaves under most growing conditions and their capacity to increase stomatal conductance in response to blue light suggested that growth and carbon gain in Paphiopedilum could be enhanced in a blue light-enriched environment. To test that hypothesis, plants of Paphiopedilum acmodontum were grown in controlled growth chambers under daylight fluorescent light, with or without blue light supplementation. Total photosynthetic photon flux density was kept constant in both conditions. Blue light enrichment resulted in significantly higher growth rates-of up to 77%-over a 3 to 4 week growing period, with all evidence indicating that the blue light effect was a stomatal response. Manipulations of stomatal properties aimed at long-term carbon gains could have agronomic applications.

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“…Stomata closure limits transpiration, but also limits carbon assimilation. Thus, there is a trade-off between water loss and carbon assimilation at the scale of the leaf [9,10]. At the ecosystem scale, there should also a tradeoff or balance between LAI's role on water loss and its role in carbon gain [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An examination of the interaction between climate, soil and leaf area index in a Quercus ilex ecosystem

Hoff

Rambal

2003

Ann. For. Sci.

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-In Mediterranean-type ecosystems, water availability is one of the most significant variables that regulates whole plant leaf area. An equilibrium should exist between climate, soil and leaf area in such water-limited conditions. The aim of this study was to identify the relations between leaf area index (LAI), environment (climate, soil) and fluxes (water, carbon) in Mediterranean evergreen oak (Quercus ilex L.) ecosystems. To achieve this objective, 50-years simulations were performed using the FOREST-BGC model by varying LAI for a reference site and for different climates and soil water holding capacities (SWC). Transpiration, drought stress, net photosynthesis and canopy water use efficiency (WUE) were examined on a yearly basis for the last ten years of the simulation. Similar to other findings, our results show that LAI depends on site water availability, including both climate (precipitation, potential evapotranspiration) and soil factors (e.g. water storage capacity). Low SWC limit the development of the ecosystem. On high SWC soils, development is mainly limited by the climate. When LAI increases under constant SWC and climate conditions, the decrease in annual transpiration per unit of LAI is accompanied by an increase in drought stress. Equilibrium LAI maximizes carbon assimilation. For the reference site, the equilibrium LAI is close to the observed value, 3.25. The corresponding transpiration, assimilation and WUE are 375 mm, 1251 g C m -2 and 3.1 mmol CO 2 mol -1 H 2 O, respectively. For the different sites, there is an hyperbolic decline of WUE with increasing SWC. This implies that production efficiency per unit leaf area is higher in most water-limited environments. Our study shows that a model such as FOREST-BGC allows inter-relations between water balance, carbon balance and drought stress to be taken into account to better understand ecosystem LAI.leaf area index / hydrological equilibrium / water availability / climate / soil factor / Mediterranean-type ecosystem / Quercus ilex L. / evergreen oak Résumé -Interactions entre climat, sol et surface foliaire dans un écosystème à Quercus ilex. Dans les écosystèmes méditerranéens, la disponibilité en eau est une des variables les plus significatives qui régulent la surface foliaire. Un équilibre doit exister entre le climat, le sol et la surface foliaire dans ces conditions de limitation en eau. L'objectif de cette étude est d'identifier les relations entre l'indice foliaire (LAI), l'environnement (climat, sol) et les flux (eau, carbone) pour les écosystèmes à chêne sempervirent méditerranéen Quercus ilex L. Pour cela, des simulations de 50 ans ont été effectuées avec le modèle FOREST-BGC en faisant varier le LAI pour un site de référence et pour différents climats et capacités en eau du sol (SWC). La transpiration, la contrainte hydrique, la photosynthèse nette et l'efficacité d'utilisation de l'eau de la canopée (WUE) ont été examinées au niveau annuel pour les dix dernières années de la simulation. Le LAI dépend de la disponibilité en...

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Regulation of Water Use in Relation to Carbon Gain in Higher Plants

Cited by 305 publications

References 23 publications

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Stomatal Limitation to Carbon Gain in Paphiopedilum sp. (Orchidaceae) and Its Reversal by Blue Light

An examination of the interaction between climate, soil and leaf area index in a Quercus ilex ecosystem

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Regulation of Water Use in Relation to Carbon Gain in Higher Plants

Cited by 305 publications

References 23 publications

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO2concentration

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO2concentration

Stomatal Limitation to Carbon Gain in Paphiopedilum sp. (Orchidaceae) and Its Reversal by Blue Light

An examination of the interaction between climate, soil and leaf area index in a Quercus ilex ecosystem

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Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration