Regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone in sepsis

Bogle, Richard; Vallance, Patrick

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192623874.003.0017

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In healthy blood vessels NO is synthesized by a calcium/calmodulin‐dependent NO synthase present in endothelium (eNOS; Palmer & Moncada, 1989 ; Mayer et al ., 1989 ). However, during inflammatory episodes, a cytokine‐inducible NO synthase is expressed throughout the vessel wall which results in production of larger quantities of NO ( Bogle & Vallance, 1996 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tyrosine nitration in blood vessels occurs with increasing nitric oxide concentration

Amirmansour

Vallance

Bogle

1999

British J Pharmacology

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1 Experiments were designed to explore the e ects of nitric oxide (NO) donors on generation of superoxide (O 2 .7 ) and peroxynitrite (ONOO 7 ) in rabbit aortic rings. chemiluminescence which was proportional to NO release. 4 ONOO 7 formation was assessed indirectly by determining protein tyrosine nitration in rabbit aorta using a speci®c antibody against nitrotyrosine. Basally and in the presence of NADH, a single band was detected. Incubation of aortic rings with either GSNO (1610 73 M) alone or GSNO with NADH resulted in the appearance of additional nitrotyrosine bands. Incubation of serum albumin with GSNO alone did not cause nitrotyrosine formation. In contrast, incubation with 3-morpholinosydonomine (SIN-1; 1610 73 M, 10 min), resulted in marked nitration of albumin which was reduced by oxyhaemoglobin or SOD. Incubation of albumin with GSNO and pyrogallol, a O 2 .7 generator, also resulted in protein nitration. 5 Addition of exogenous NO results in nitrotyrosine formation in rabbit aortic rings. Nitrotyrosine formation is likely to result from the reaction of exogenous NO and basal endogenous O 2 .7 resulting in the formation of ONOO 7 . Formation of ONOO 7 and nitration of tyrosine residues potentially could lead to vascular damage and might represent unexpected adverse e ects of long-term nitrate therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tyrosine nitration in blood vessels occurs with increasing nitric oxide concentration

Amirmansour

Vallance

Bogle

1999

British J Pharmacology

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Blood pressure waveform contour analysis for assessing peripheral resistance changes in sepsis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThis paper proposes a methodology for helping bridge the gap between the complex waveform information frequently available in an intensive care unit and the simple, lumped values favoured for rapid clinical diagnosis and management. This methodology employs a simple waveform contour analysis approach to compare aortic, femoral and central venous pressure waveforms on a beat-by-beat basis and extract lumped metrics pertaining to the pressure drop and pressure-pulse amplitude attenuation as blood passes through the various sections of systemic circulation.ResultsValidation encompasses a comparison between novel metrics and well-known, analogous clinical metrics such as mean arterial and venous pressures, across an animal model of induced sepsis. The novel metric Ofe → vc, the direct pressure offset between the femoral artery and vena cava, and the clinical metric, ΔMP, the difference between mean arterial and venous pressure, performed well. However, Ofe → vc reduced the optimal average time to sepsis detection after endotoxin infusion from 46.2 min for ΔMP to 11.6 min, for a slight increase in false positive rate from 1.8 to 6.2%. Thus, the novel Ofe → vc provided the best combination of specificity and sensitivity, assuming an equal weighting to both, of the metrics assessed.ConclusionsOverall, the potential of these novel metrics in the detection of diagnostic shifts in physiological behaviour, here driven by sepsis, is demonstrated.

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Regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone in sepsis

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Tyrosine nitration in blood vessels occurs with increasing nitric oxide concentration

Tyrosine nitration in blood vessels occurs with increasing nitric oxide concentration

Blood pressure waveform contour analysis for assessing peripheral resistance changes in sepsis

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