Regulation of the Third Member of the Uncoupling Protein Family, UCP3, by Cold and Thyroid Hormone

Larkin, Sarah J.; Mull, Emily; Miao, Wendy; Pittner, Richard A.; Albrandt, Keith; Moore, Candace; Young, Andrew; Denaro, Maurizio; Beaumont, Kevin

doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7636

Cited by 173 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Acin et al [168] identified the transcriptional start site of the human UCP3 gene and described several potential binding sites for regulatory factors and motifs for the E-box, MyoD, myocyte enhancer factor-2, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors and thyroid hormones. The presence of such recognition motifs is in agreement with the expression of the UCP3 gene in muscles and its regulation by retinoids [177] and 3,3h,5-tri-iodothyronine [178,179].…”

Section: Functional Organization Of the Ucp2 And Ucp3 Genessupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In vivo j cold-exposed rats by Larkin et al [178], whereas other authors noted no effect of cold on UCP3 gene expression in mice [206]. There is agreement that cold exposure does not activate UCP3 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle, indicating that this protein is not primarily implicated in body temperature regulation [84,178,207].…”

Section: Ucp1mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…There is agreement that cold exposure does not activate UCP3 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle, indicating that this protein is not primarily implicated in body temperature regulation [84,178,207]. The significance of high levels of UCP2 mRNA in white fat and of UCP3 mRNA in skeletal muscle of hibernating squirrels is unknown [209].…”

Section: Ucp1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The significance of high levels of UCP2 mRNA in white fat and of UCP3 mRNA in skeletal muscle of hibernating squirrels is unknown [209]. Thermogenic hormones and factors such as 3,3h,5-tri-iodothyronine [57,178,179,[210][211][212][213], leptin [57,214,215], lipopolysaccharide and tumour necrosis factor-α [173,174,216,217] increase expression of the UCP2 and UCP3 genes in animals, suggesting a contribution to thermogenesis regulated by hormones or cytokines. Induction of UCP2 and UCP3 in tissues of rodents by lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1β and other cytokines, and inhibition of the effect of lipopolysaccharide on UCP2 expression by a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor [173], point to a possible role for the novel UCPs in the still unknown thermogenic mechanisms of fever.…”

Section: Ucp1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The uncoupling protein homologues: UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, StUCP and AtUCP

Ricquier¹,

Bouillaud

2000

Biochemical Journal

603

112

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Animal and plant uncoupling protein (UCP) homologues form a subfamily of mitochondrial carriers that are evolutionarily related and possibly derived from a proton\anion transporter ancestor. The brown adipose tissue (BAT) UCP1 has a marked and strongly regulated uncoupling activity, essential to the maintenance of body temperature in small mammals. UCP homologues identified in plants are induced in a cold environment and may be involved in resistance to chilling. The biochemical activities and biological functions of the recently identified mammalian UCP2 and UCP3 are not well known. However, recent data support a role for these UCPs in State 4 respiration, respiration uncoupling and proton leaks in mitochondria. Moreover, genetic studies suggest that UCP2 and UCP3 play a part in

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Section: Functional Organization Of the Ucp2 And Ucp3 Genessupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Ucp1mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Ucp1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ucp1mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The uncoupling protein homologues: UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, StUCP and AtUCP

Ricquier¹,

Bouillaud

2000

Biochemical Journal

603

112

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“…21 A stronger effect of thyroid hormones on UCP3 mRNA level was also noticed. 13,22 Several studies also demonstrated that UCP2 expression was not markedly regulated by the sympathetic nervous system as is UCP1. Analysis of the various roles of leptin showed that this hormone elicited a thermogenic response mediated by the central nervous system.…”

Section: Molecular and Genetic Aspects Of Ucp2 D Ricquiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2): Molecular and genetic studies

Ricquier

1999

Int J Obes

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Thermogenesis is associated to oxygen consumption and cellular respiration. This process is coupled to adenosinediphosphate (ADP) phosphorylation through the existence of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. It was postulated that proton leaks through this membrane would uncouple respiration from adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and induce energy dissipation as heat. Such a mechanism was identi®ed in thermogenic brown adipose tissue mitochondria which contain a unique proton carrier referred to as uncoupling protein (UCP). This UCP is activated by fatty acids and its synthesis is positively controlled by retinoids, thyroid hormones, catecholamines and rexinoids. In fact, in most types of cells, respiring mitochondria release heat and the coupling of substrate oxidation to ADP phosphorylation is under 100%. It suggested that the partial coupling of respiration to ADP phosphorylation was due to proton leaks possibly related to the brown fat UCP. This approach led to the identi®cation of UCP2 and UCP3, two homologues of the brown fat UCP (renamed UCP1). UCP2 gene is widely expressed in tissues and cell types, whereas the UCP3 gene is dominantly expressed in skeletal muscles (and brown fat in mice). Recent genetic, biochemical and physiological studies suggest that these novel UCP2 contribute to resting metabolic rate, fat oxidation and may represent new targets for anti-obesity compounds.

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Uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 and their potential role in human obesity

Silva

2000

Drug Dev. Res.

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Regulation of the Third Member of the Uncoupling Protein Family, UCP3, by Cold and Thyroid Hormone

Cited by 173 publications

References 26 publications

The uncoupling protein homologues: UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, StUCP and AtUCP

The uncoupling protein homologues: UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, StUCP and AtUCP

Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2): Molecular and genetic studies

Uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 and their potential role in human obesity

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