Regulation of the Structure of Zirconium-Based Porphyrinic Metal–Organic Framework as Highly Electrochemiluminescence Sensing Platform for Thrombin

Abstract

An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor provides a sensitive and convenient method for early diagnosis of diseases; however, it is still a challenge to develop simple and sensitive sensing platforms based on efficient ECL signals and luminophore groups. Porphyrin-based metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) show great potential in ECL sensing; however, the mechanism and structure−activity relationship, as well as application, are rarely reported. Herein, hydrothermal reactions obtained porphyrin Zr-MOFs (PCN-222) with different specific surface areas, pore sizes, structures, and surface charge states by tuning the reaction time were developed, which served both as the ECL luminophore, coreaction promoter for S 2 O 8 2− , and a connection in the ECL immunoassay. By progressively controlling the condition of the hydrothermal reaction, PCN-222 with large surface area-abundant micropores can be obtained, which has good conductivity and positively charged surfaces, obtaining excellent ECL performance. The ECL performance and the enhancement mechanism were investigated in detail. Using PCN-222-6h with the best ECL intensity as the immobilization matrix for the aptamer, a highly sensitive and selective assay for thrombin was developed. The decrease of the ECL signal was logarithmically linear with the concentration of thrombin in the range from 50 fg mL −1 to 100 pg mL −1 with a low detection limit of 2.48 fg/mL. This proposed strategy provides a brand new approach for tuning of the structures of MOFs as effective ECL signal probes, thus providing wider possibilities for effective ECL immunoassays in the detection of other biomarkers in diagnosis of diseases.

Signal On–Off Electrochemical Sensor for Glutathione Based on a AuCu-Decorated Zr-Containing Metal–Organic Framework via Solid-State Electrochemistry of Cuprous Chloride

“…Compared with the AuCu standard card, the peak slightly left-shifted, which may result from the existence of some individual Au NPs in the AuCu bimetals that is consistent with the results of HRTEM in Figure F. It can be seen from curve b in Figure A that the XRD spectrum of the Zr-MOF is consistent with the characteristic diffraction patterns reported in the literature, , indicating the successful synthesis of the Zr-MOF. The typical peaks of AuCu bimetals appeared in the XRD spectrum of Zr-MOF@AuCu, indicating that AuCu NPs were successfully immobilized onto the Zr-MOF.…”

Dual-Color 2D Lead–Organic Framework with Two-Fold Interlocking Structures for the Detection of Nitrofuran Antibiotics and 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are assembled by metal ions or metal clusters and organic ligands through coordination bonds, are considered a good platform for detection and sensing because of their unique electrical and optical properties, permanent porosity, high specific surface area, and ease of modification and design of the structure and function. , As a potential fluorescent probe, MOFs have been used to detect metal cations, anions, toxic organic molecules, cancer markers, and biomolecules due to their high selectivity, sensitivity, and recycling. − …”

Rapid determination of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins based on 2D/2D MXene/P–BiOCl/Ru(bpy)32+ heterojunction composites to enhance electrochemiluminescence performance

“…Electrochemiluminescence (ECL), a technology combined chemiluminescence with electrochemistry, is induced via the electrochemical redox reaction of luminophores [ [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] ]. And ECL is considered to be a promising assay method for determination of CoVNP owing to its advantages of low background signals, high sensitivity, simple equipment and electrochemical controllability [ [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] ]. This advanced technology has been successfully applied in many researched fields including biomarkers detection [ 25 ], bio-imaging [ 26 ], point-of-care diagnosis [ 27 ], as well as DNA and proteins detection [ 28 , 29 ].…”