Regulation of the l-Arabinose Operon BAD in Vitro

Wilcox, Gary; Meuris, Pierre; Bass, Richard; Englesberg, Ellis

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)42723-3

Cited by 74 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Four transcriptional units in E. coli are involved in the utilization of L-arabinose: araBAD, which encodes three enzymes responsible for L-arabinose catabolism (65); araE and araFGH, which encode proteins responsible for low-affinity and highaffinity transport of L-arabinose (25,239); and the regulatory gene araC, which encodes a protein that controls the expression of these genes as well as autoregulating its own synthesis (38,66,67,95,256).…”

Section: Arabinose Metabolism In E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Arac/XylS family of transcriptional regulators

Gallegos

Schleif

Bairoch

et al. 1997

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

350

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The ArC/XylS family of prokaryotic positive transcriptional regulators includes more than 100 proteins and polypeptides derived from open reading frames translated from DNA sequences. Members of this family are widely distributed and have been found in the gamma subgroup of the proteobacteria, low- and high-G + C-content gram-positive bacteria, and cyanobacteria. These proteins are defined by a profile that can be accessed from PROSITE PS01124. Members of the family are about 300 amino acids long and have three main regulatory functions in common: carbon metabolism, stress response, and pathogenesis. Multiple alignments of the proteins of the family define a conserved stretch of 99 amino acids usually located at the C-terminal region of the regulator and connected to a nonconserved region via a linker. The conserved stretch contains all the elements required to bind DNA target sequences and to activate transcription from cognate promoters. Secondary analysis of the conserved region suggests that it contains two potential alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix DNA binding motifs. The first, and better-fitting motif is supported by biochemical data, whereas existing biochemical data neither support nor refute the proposal that the second region possesses this structure. The phylogenetic relationship suggests that members of the family have recruited the nonconserved domain(s) into a series of existing domains involved in DNA recognition and transcription stimulation and that this recruited domain governs the role that the regulator carries out. For some regulators, it has been demonstrated that the nonconserved region contains the dimerization domain. For the regulators involved in carbon metabolism, the effector binding determinants are also in this region. Most regulators belonging to the AraC/XylS family recognize multiple binding sites in the regulated promoters. One of the motifs usually overlaps or is adjacent to the -35 region of the cognate promoters. Footprinting assays have suggested that these regulators protect a stretch of up to 20 bp in the target promoters, and multiple alignments of binding sites for a number of regulators have shown that the proteins recognize short motifs within the protected region.

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Section: Arabinose Metabolism In E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Arac/XylS family of transcriptional regulators

Gallegos

Schleif

Bairoch

et al. 1997

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

350

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“…et al, 1976; Tata, 1976). Thus, it is tempting to assume that the receptor-nucleus interaction selectively alters the rate of gene transcription in a• manner functionally analogous to the activities of prokaryotic gene regulatory proteins (e.g., Wilcox et al, 1974;Dickson et al, 1975). However, the apparent complexity of mRNA metabolism, especially in eukaryotes (Lewin, 1974;Berget et al, 1977;Broker et al, 1978), suggests many other poihts at which receptors might affect the equilibrium concentration of a transcript.…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis of mouse mammary tumor virus ribonucleic acid in isolated nuclei from cultured mammary tumor cells

Stallcup¹,

Ring²,

Yamamoto³

1978

Biochemistry

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Glucocorticoid hormone treatment of GR cells, a cultured line derived from mouse mammary tumor tissue, selectively stimulates the rate of transcription of integrated proviral genes specifying mammary tumor virus (MTV). We have incubated isolated nuclei from these cells under conditions in which all three endogenous RNA polymerases appear to be active. RNA synthesized in vitro is distinguished from preexisting nuclear RNA by labeling the in vitro products with [3H]CTP, and the level of MTV RNA synthesis is measured by molecular hybridization with unlabeled viral DNA. Synthesis requires the addition of nucleoside triphosphates, and is inhibited by actinomycin D. Pretreatment of GR cells with dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, has no significant effect on the amount of total RNA synthesis in isolated nuclei. In contrast, synthesis of MTR RNA is stimulated 10-20-fold in nuclei from dexamethasone-treated cells relative to untreated control nuclei; the sensitivity of in vitro viral RNA synthesis to inhibition by alpha-amanitin suggests that it is carried out exclusively by RNA polymerase II. The fraction of total RNA synthesis which is viral specific (about 0.2-0.4% in nuclei from dexamethasone-treated cells and 0.01-0.03% in controls) is similar to that detected in pulse labeled RNA from whole GR cells in culture. Our procedures for labeling and hybridization of RNA appear to avoid artifacts recently noted in other in vitro transcription systems.

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“…The ara operon contains genes encoding enzymes leading to L-arabinose catabolism. The selective usage of the ara operon isone of the best-studied gene regulation systems and is well-characterized [5,15,22,23,34,42,52,59]. The entire arabinose system consists of the following:…”

Section: The L-arabinose Operonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-xylulose-5phosphate, which then enters the pentose phosphate pathway. The AraC TF regulates the ara operon[1, 14, 18, 20, 26,52,54,59].Recent studies have shown that araCand the ara operon share a common regulatory protein,cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP),which is activated by cAMP. AraC both activates and represses the ara operonusing a DNA looping mechanism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Emerging Applications of Cellular Automata

Salcido¹

2013

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in 1992. Up to 1991, Dr. Salcido was Staff Scientist (Statistical Physics and Lattice Gas Models) and Faculty Professor (Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics and Electrodynamics) at the Physics Department of UNAM. Dr. Salcido has published close to a hundred scholarly articles in international journals, proceedings of conferences and book chapters, where his main research topics include micrometeorology, air pollution modeling, wind taxonomy, traffic cellular automata, and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Recently, Dr. Salcido has edited two books on cellular automata published by In Tech.

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Regulation of the l-Arabinose Operon BAD in Vitro

Cited by 74 publications

References 19 publications

Arac/XylS family of transcriptional regulators

Arac/XylS family of transcriptional regulators

Synthesis of mouse mammary tumor virus ribonucleic acid in isolated nuclei from cultured mammary tumor cells

Emerging Applications of Cellular Automata

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