Regulation of The antibiotic Elution Profile from Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Cement by Addition of Bioactive Glass

Abstract

Bioactive glass (BG) synthesized by melt-quenching technology, was added in amounts of 5, 10, 15, and 20 weight percent to β-tri-calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP), which was made via a solid state reaction. The cement and its composites' bioactivity behavior was assessed by soaking them in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 ± 0.5°C for 28 d. Measurements were made to determine the physico-mechanical characterizes of cement and its composites. After soaking, the pH and concentrations of Ca, and P ion of the SBF solution were estimated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the structure. Furthermore, by loading gentamicin onto the samples and studying their release profile, the possibility of using them as a drug carrier was explored. A drug release profile that is sustained by all samples was achieved. Addition of bioactive glass to β-TCP decreased drug release rate. Additionally, the antimicrobial property (both bacterial and fungal pathogens) was also assessed. This makes these substances ideal choices for limiting the growth of bacteria once they are implanted in teeth or bone. The results showed that after being submerged in SBF solution, the materials under study develop a layer of hydroxyapatite (HA). It should be highlighted that adding more BG to the current cement composition enhances the material's mechanical and bioactivity characteristics.