Regulation of the Activities of Pilots and Pilot Societies in Pre-revolutionary Russia

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. The article analyzes the content of the main legislative acts regulating the activities of pilots and pilot societies in pre-revolutionary Russia. The relevance of the research is provided by the lack of knowledge in domestic science of the specifics of legal regulation of the pilot service in the Russian state in the pre-revolutionary period.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Th main sources of the research were normative documents, first of all, legislative acts of national significance, dedicated to commercial navigation and published in The Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire and Code of Laws of the Russian Empire, which regulated the issues of financial security and social status of pilots in the Russian Empire, their responsibility. The methodology consists of the principles used in legal research, as well as general scientific and special methods of legal research (comparative legal, system, formal legal methods, historical and legal analysis).RESEARCH RESULTS. The Russian experience of regulatory regulation of pilotage is studied: The Maritime Regulations of 1722, the Regulations on Sea Pilots of 1890, the Charter of the Society of Saint Petersburg Pilots of 1896 and other legal acts of this period are considered. The specifics of legal regulation of the pilot service in pre-revolutionary Russia are established.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. It is noted that the regulation of pilot companies as one of the trade unions was carried out under the control of the state. It is stated that the legislation of the Russian Empire, which determines the status of a pilot in the period of the XVIII–XIX century, was, in comparison with the legislation of European States, secondary and in many respects lagging behind the latter. The author focuses on how the structural organization of the pilot service and its legal status changed with the development of legislation.