Regulation of Th-1 T cell-dominated immunity to Neisseria meningitidis within the human mucosa

Davenport, Victoria; Groves, Eleanor; Hobbs, Christopher; Williams, Neil; Heyderman, Robert S.

doi:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00851.x

Cited by 27 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…5). In agreement with previous observations (19), an increase in proliferation to Nm OMV was detected in cultures depleted of both CD19 ϩ and CD25 ϩ cells compared with depletion of CD19 ϩ cells alone, demonstrating the presence of Treg activity (Fig. 5A).…”

Section: Nl-specific Treg Activity Is Absent In Early Childhood and Dsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…We have previously demonstrated the presence of mucosal CD4 ϩ CD25 ϩ Treg activity in the PT that suppresses the effector T cell response to Nm OMV but not flu (19). We speculated that Treg may be responsible for suppressing the effector response to Nl in early childhood, thus explaining the apparent absence of specific immunological memory at this age.…”

Section: Nl-specific Treg Activity Is Absent In Early Childhood and Dmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Although our observations are limited by the use of tonsillar tissue obtained from patients with tonsillar disease, the tonsils were not removed during periods of active inflammation. In addition, immunohistochemical analyses have not revealed marked neutrophil infiltration or areas of necrosis in the excised tissue (16,19), which is immunologically responsive to experimental stimuli. Also, there is no evidence of reduced colonization rates of Neisseria species in individuals requiring tonsillectomies as demonstrated by the high frequency of Nm beneath the mucosal surface of tonsil specimens when examined by immunohistochemistry (23).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are naturally produced and are therefore physiologically relevant in vivo (25). In addition, OMV have been used extensively by ourselves (16,19) and others (26,27) …”

Section: Ags and Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is unclear how Nm can colonize for prolonged periods of time while priming adaptive immunity without inducing an aberrant inflammatory response and associated immunopathology. We have recently demonstrated the presence of Nm-specific Treg activity in the PT that is able to suppress effector T cell responses to Nm in the mucosa (19). The induction and differentiation of Treg may be one mechanism by which Nm avoids inducing immuonopathology and clearance by the immune system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absence of Mucosal Immunity in the Human Upper Respiratory Tract to the Commensal Bacteria Neisseria lactamica but Not Pathogenic Neisseria meningitidis during the Peak Age of Nasopharyngeal Carriage

Vaughan

Gorringe²,

Davenport

et al. 2009

The Journal of Immunology

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The normal flora that colonizes the mucosal epithelia has evolved diverse strategies to evade, modulate, or suppress the immune system and avoid clearance. Neisseria lactamica and Neisseria meningitidis are closely related obligate inhabitants of the human upper respiratory tract. N. lactamica is a commensal but N. meningitidis is an opportunistic pathogen that occasionally causes invasive disease such as meningitis and septicemia. We demonstrate that unlike N. meningitidis, N. lactamica does not prime the development of mucosal T or B cell memory during the peak period of colonization. This cannot be explained by the induction of peripheral tolerance or regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cell activity. Instead, N. lactamica mediates a B cell-dependent mitogenic proliferative response that is absent to N. meningitidis. This mitogenic response is associated with the production of T cell-independent polyclonal IgM that we propose functions by shielding colonizing N. lactamica from the adaptive immune system, maintaining immunological ignorance in the host. We conclude that, in contrast to N. meningitidis, N. lactamica maintains a commensal relationship with the host in the absence of an adaptive immune response. This may prolong the period of susceptibility to colonization by both pathogenic and nonpathogenic Neisseria species.

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Section: Nl-specific Treg Activity Is Absent In Early Childhood and Dsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Nl-specific Treg Activity Is Absent In Early Childhood and Dmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are naturally produced and are therefore physiologically relevant in vivo (25). In addition, OMV have been used extensively by ourselves (16,19) and others (26,27) …”

Section: Ags and Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absence of Mucosal Immunity in the Human Upper Respiratory Tract to the Commensal Bacteria Neisseria lactamica but Not Pathogenic Neisseria meningitidis during the Peak Age of Nasopharyngeal Carriage

Vaughan

Gorringe²,

Davenport

et al. 2009

The Journal of Immunology

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Neisseria meningitidis

Baudner

Rappuoli²

Immunity Against Mucosal Pathogens

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Biofilm formation by the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis

Lappann

Vogel

2010

Med Microbiol Immunol

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The past decade has seen an increasing interest in biofilm formation by Neisseria meningitidis, a human facultative pathogen causing life-threatening childhood disease commencing from asymptomatic nasopharyngeal colonization. Studying the biology of in vitro biofilm formation improves the understanding of inter-bacterial processes in asymptomatic carriage, of bacterial aggregate formation on host cells, and of meningococcal population biology. This paper reviews publications referring to meningococcal biofilm formation with an emphasis on the role of motility and of extracellular DNA. The theory of sub-dividing the meningococcal population in settler and spreader lineages is discussed, which provides a mechanistic framework for the assumed balance of colonization efficacy and transmission frequency.

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Regulation of Th-1 T cell-dominated immunity to Neisseria meningitidis within the human mucosa

Cited by 27 publications

References 64 publications

Absence of Mucosal Immunity in the Human Upper Respiratory Tract to the Commensal Bacteria Neisseria lactamica but Not Pathogenic Neisseria meningitidis during the Peak Age of Nasopharyngeal Carriage

Absence of Mucosal Immunity in the Human Upper Respiratory Tract to the Commensal Bacteria Neisseria lactamica but Not Pathogenic Neisseria meningitidis during the Peak Age of Nasopharyngeal Carriage

Neisseria meningitidis

Biofilm formation by the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis

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