Regulation of Social Stress and Neural Degeneration by Activity-Regulated Genes and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Dopaminergic Neurons

Kent, Clement F.; Agrawal, Pavan

doi:10.1007/s12035-020-02037-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, social experiences can themselves alter gene transcription and have consequences for health. In particular, social isolation/loneliness can modulate gene expression across tissues (Refs 151, 152) and especially in immune cells. Blood leucocytes from isolated people present genetic expression changes, exhibiting a high expression of pro-inflammatory mediator genes, such as those related to the NF-kB signalling pathway compared to non-isolated individuals.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Social Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social environment as a modulator of immunosenescence

Garrido

Toda

Cerro

et al. 2022

Expert Rev. Mol. Med.

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Immune system aging, a process known as immunosenescence, involves a striking rearrangement affecting all immune cells, resulting in an increased rate of infections and a major incidence of autoimmune diseases and cancer. Nonetheless, differences in how individuals of the same chronological age carry out this immunosenescence establishment and thus the aging rate have been reported. In the context of neuroimmunoendocrine communication and its role in the response to stress situations, growing evidence suggests that social environments profoundly influence all physiological responses, especially those linked to immunity. Accordingly, negative contexts (loneliness in humans/social isolation in rodents) were associated with immune impairments and decreased lifespan. However, positive social environments have been correlated with adequate immunity and increased lifespan. Therefore, the social context in which an individual lives is proposed as a decisive modulator of the immunosenescence process and, consequently, of the rate of aging. In this review, the most important findings regarding how different social environments (negative and positive) modulate immunosenescence and therefore the aging rate, as well as the role of stress responses, hormesis, and resilience in these environments will be explained. Finally, several possible molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of negative and positive environments on immunosenescence will be suggested.

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Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Social Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social environment as a modulator of immunosenescence

Garrido

Toda

Cerro

et al. 2022

Expert Rev. Mol. Med.

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“…Socialization impacts several parallel modulatory systems 5 . In particular, activity-regulated genes in dopaminergic neurons modulate aggression and sleep in response to social enrichment [6][7][8] . Key clusters of dopaminergic neurons are also essential components of learning and memory circuits 9 , since they innervate the main Drosophila memory structure, the mushroom body (MB) 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socialization causes long-lasting behavioral changes

Gil-Martí,

Isidro-Mézcua,

Poza-Rodriguez

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In modern human societies, social isolation acts as a negative factor for health and life quality. On the other hand, social interaction also has profound effects on animal and human behaviors, reducing aggressiveness, feeding and loss of sleep. Here, we observe that in the fly Drosophila melanogaster these behavioral changes long-last even after social interaction has ceased, suggesting that the socialization experience triggers behavioral plasticity. We find that impairing long-term memory mechanisms either genetically or by anesthesia abolishes the expected behavioral changes in response to social interaction. Furthermore, we show that socialization increases CREB-dependent neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity in the mushroom body, the main insect memory center analogous to mammalian hippocampus. We propose that social interaction triggers socialization awareness, understood as long-lasting changes in behavior caused by experience with mechanistic similarities to long-term memory formation.

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“…Isolated males have increased aggression 22 , 23 , social interactions 24 , daytime locomotion 25 , 26 and resistance to ethanol sedation 27 , while courtship duration and grooming are decreased 24 , 28 . Like mammals, differences have been documented in the neuronal morphology 29 – 31 , gene expression 23 , epigenetics 32 and physiology 33 of isolated flies, raising the possibility of conserved mechanisms that act to alter behavior in response to being isolated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A genetic screen for Drosophila social isolation mutants and analysis of sex pistol

Eddison

2021

Sci Rep

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Prolonged periods of forced social isolation is detrimental to well-being, yet we know little about which genes regulate susceptibility to its effects. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, social isolation induces stark changes in behavior including increased aggression, locomotor activity, and resistance to ethanol sedation. To identify genes regulating sensitivity to isolation, I screened a collection of sixteen hundred P-element insertion lines for mutants with abnormal levels of all three isolation-induced behaviors. The screen identified three mutants whose affected genes are likely central to regulating the effects of isolation in flies. One mutant, sex pistol (sxp), became extremely aggressive and resistant to ethanol sedation when socially isolated. sxp also had a high level of male–male courtship. The mutation in sxp reduced the expression of two minor isoforms of the actin regulator hts (adducin), as well as mildly reducing expression of CalpA, a calcium-dependent protease. As a consequence, sxp also had increased expression of the insulin-like peptide, dILP5. Analysis of the social behavior of sxp suggests that these minor hts isoforms function to limit isolation-induced aggression, while chronically high levels of dILP5 increase male–male courtship.

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Regulation of Social Stress and Neural Degeneration by Activity-Regulated Genes and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Dopaminergic Neurons

Cited by 5 publications

References 106 publications

Social environment as a modulator of immunosenescence

Social environment as a modulator of immunosenescence

Socialization causes long-lasting behavioral changes

A genetic screen for Drosophila social isolation mutants and analysis of sex pistol

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