Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Glucose Transport and Glucose Metabolism by Exercise Training

Evans, Parker L.; McMillin, Shawna; Weyrauch, Luke A.; Witczak, Carol A.

doi:10.3390/nu11102432

Cited by 128 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 209 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, in humans, intensive exercise training (6 weeks of cycling) was reported to increase the abundance of GLUT12 protein in vastus lateralis muscle by a factor of 2, implicating that GLUT12-mediated glucose transport in skeletal muscle might be of physiological relevance, at least under trained conditions [224]. In addition to improvements in skeletal muscle glucose transport [64,187], exercise has profound beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity at many different sites of insulin action, in particular in the insulin-resistant and diabetic state [192].…”

Section: Physical Exercise Improves Glycemic Control Through Enhancinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose transporters in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle in metabolic health and disease

Chadt

Al-Hasani

2020

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

300

203

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A family of facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs) is involved in regulating tissue-specific glucose uptake and metabolism in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue to ensure homeostatic control of blood glucose levels. Reduced glucose transport activity results in aberrant use of energy substrates and is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. It is well established that GLUT2, the main regulator of hepatic hexose flux, and GLUT4, the workhorse in insulin-and contraction-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, are critical contributors in the control of whole-body glycemia. However, the molecular mechanism how insulin controls glucose transport across membranes and its relation to impaired glycemic control in type 2 diabetes remains not sufficiently understood. An array of circulating metabolites and hormone-like molecules and potential supplementary glucose transporters play roles in fine-tuning glucose flux between the different organs in response to an altered energy demand.

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Section: Physical Exercise Improves Glycemic Control Through Enhancinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose transporters in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle in metabolic health and disease

Chadt

Al-Hasani

2020

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

300

203

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“…Exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and thereby alter skeletal muscle glucose transport and maintain blood glucose homeostasis, especially for patients with metabolic disease [ 36 ], but may not always have the same effect in athletes due to excessive production of ROS during exercise training [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. In this study, we did not detect a significant reduction in glucose parameters in the ubiquinone group after supplementation; however, we found that athletes with higher WBC ubiquinone level (≥0.5 nmol/g) showed improved glycemic control ( Table 3 and Figure 2 ), which might be related to an increase in antioxidant capacity ( Table 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ubiquinone Supplementation with 300 mg on Glycemic Control and Antioxidant Status in Athletes: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Chang

Chen

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

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The aim of this study is to investigate the glycemic profile, oxidative stress, and antioxidant capacity in athletes after 12 weeks of ubiquinone supplementation. It was a double-blinded, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled study. Thirty-one well-trained college athletes were randomly assigned to ubiquinone (300 mg/d, n = 17) or placebo group (n = 14). The glycemic profile [fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)], plasma and erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ubiquinone status were measured. After supplementation, the plasma ubiquinone concentration was significantly increased (p < 0.05) and the level of erythrocyte MDA was significantly lower in the ubiquinone group than in the placebo group (p < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between white blood cell (WBC) ubiquinone and glycemic parameters [HbA1c, r = −0.46, p < 0.05; HOMA-IR, r = −0.67, p < 0.01; QUICKI, r = 0.67, p < 0.01]. In addition, athletes with higher WBC ubiquinone level (≥0.5 nmol/g) showed higher erythrocyte TAC and QUICKI and lower HOMA-IR. In conclusion, we demonstrated that athletes may show a better antioxidant capacity with higher ubiquinone status after 12 weeks of supplementation, which may further improve glycemic control.

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“…Skeletal muscle is considered to be a metabolic organ, which consumes a lot of energy and plays an important role in supporting exercise capacity and regulating body fat mass and blood glucose levels. Skeletal muscles take up glucose and control blood glucose levels and play an important role in storing glucose as glycogen [ 63 , 64 ]. Skeletal muscle has also been found to have a role as an endocrine organ secreting myokine (physiologically active substance) and regulating organ function throughout the body [ 65 , 66 ].…”

Section: Dysbiosis and Sarcopenia From The Viewpoint Of Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver Cirrhosis and Sarcopenia from the Viewpoint of Dysbiosis

Nishikawa

Enomoto

Nishiguchi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) has been attracting much attention these days because of the close linkage to adverse outcomes. LC can be related to secondary sarcopenia due to protein metabolic disorders and energy metabolic disorders. LC is associated with profound alterations in gut microbiota and injuries at the different levels of defensive mechanisms of the intestinal barrier. Dysbiosis refers to a state in which the diversity of gut microbiota is decreased by decreasing the bacterial species and the number of bacteria that compose the gut microbiota. The severe disturbance of intestinal barrier in LC can result in dysbiosis, several bacterial infections, LC-related complications, and sarcopenia. Here in this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of the relationship between sarcopenia and dysbiosis in patients with LC.

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Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Glucose Transport and Glucose Metabolism by Exercise Training

Cited by 128 publications

References 209 publications

Glucose transporters in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle in metabolic health and disease

Glucose transporters in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle in metabolic health and disease

Ubiquinone Supplementation with 300 mg on Glycemic Control and Antioxidant Status in Athletes: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Liver Cirrhosis and Sarcopenia from the Viewpoint of Dysbiosis

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