Regulation of plant growth with triacontanol

Ries, S. K.; Stutte, C. A.

doi:10.1080/07352688509382197

Cited by 70 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…In addition, TRIA caused simultaneous increases in soluble proteins, reducing sugars, and free amino acids (Ries 1985(Ries , 1991. Similar increases in these metabolic constituents occurred in the cell-free extracts of maize leaves treated with TRIA, although the response was less rapid (Ries 1985). The rapid increase in total nitrogen by TRIA treatment is also difficult to explain.…”

Section: Tria Elicits L( )-Adenosinementioning

confidence: 83%

“…TRIA has shown to increase the growth and/or yield of most of the major annual vegetables, agronomic and horticultural crops as well as forest species (Ries 1985(Ries , 1991Kawashima et al 1987;Kapitsimadi and Vioryl 1995). The increase in yield is due to the rapid increase in the net assimilation rate as observed in tomato after TRIA spray (Ries 1985(Ries , 1991. In greenhouse studies, foliar applications of 1.0Á100 mg L Á1 of L(')-adenosine increased the growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.…”

Section: Growth Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Foliar spray of 0.5 mg dm Á3 of TRIA significantly promoted the onset of flowering and increased the pod production pod number, seed number, mass per plant, and mass per pod in green gram plants exposed to TRIA at 0.5 mg dm Á3 (Kumaravelu et al 2000). Improvement in yields of several important food crops have been recorded by several researchers as a result of TRIA application Ries 1985;Kawashima et al 1987). Borowski et al (2000) reported significant increase in tomato yield as result of TRIA application at 0.3 and 3.0 mg L Á1 .…”

Section: Yield and Quality Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Past decades have witnessed much success in increasing the yield of food crops and vegetables using TRIA (Bouwkamp and McArdle 1980;Eriksen et al 1981;Ries and Houtz 1983;Hashim and Lundergan 1985;Ries 1985;Stoutemyer and Cooke 1987;Borowski et al 2000;Muralidharan et al 2000). The first published report on TRIA showed a significant increase in yield on several crops including dry beans, sweet corn, and cucumbers Ries and Houtz 1983).…”

Section: Yield and Quality Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, TRIA also increased carnosol content in sage shoots, with a little influences on carnosic acid. The ability of TRIA to increase diterpenoid production may be ascribed to the biosynthesis of the compounds that is probably localized in the chloroplasts (Munne-Bosch and Alegre 2001), the TRIA-mediated increase in chlorophyll content in many plants being one of the strong evidences in this regard (Ries 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Triacontanol: a potent plant growth regulator in agriculture

Naeem

Khan

Moinuddin

2012

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Triacontanol (TRIA) is a natural plant growth regulator found in epicuticular waxes. It is used to enhance the crop production in millions of hectares, particularly in Asia. Quite a number of researchers have reported the TRIA-mediated improvement in growth, yield, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, uptake of water and nutrients, nitrogen-fixation, enzymes activities and contents of free amino acids, reducing sugars, soluble protein, and active constituents of essential oil in various crops. Expectedly, TRIA enhances the physiological efficiency of the cells and, thus, exploits the genetic potential of plant to a large extent. In fact, TRIA increased free amino acids, reducing sugars, and soluble protein of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) within 5 min. TRIA elicited the appearance of L(')-adenosine within 1 min in the roots of plants, the shoots of which were sprayed with nanomolar concentrations of TRIA. TRIA and octacosanol (OCTA), the primary alcohols, are ubiquitous in the environment. OCTA was reported to inhibit the activity of TRIA in the seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at equimolar concentrations; and both TRIA and OCTA elicited a second messenger, known as OCTAM and triacontanol second messenger (TRIM), respectively. TRIA rapidly increases the ratio of L(')-to D(Á)-adenosine, probably at the tonoplast. However, it is to be resolved as to how TRIA elicits L(')-adenosine and what is the source of L(')-adenosine in plants. Based on known metabolic processes, de novo synthesis of L(')-adenosine is unlikely, because of the rapidity of the response. TRIA-mediated increase in dry matter production could influence the inter-relationship between primary and secondary metabolism, leading to increased biosynthesis of secondary products. Various studies present strong evidences that application of TRIA applied either to the root medium or to leaves enhanced the growth and yield of vegetables and other crops, including agronomic and horticultural crops as well as medicinal and aromatic crop plants under normal and adverse conditions. However, further investigations are required to elucidate the possible role of TRIA on plant growth regulation, physiological activities and secondary metabolite biosynthesis regarding medicinal and aromatic plants subjected to abiotic stress. The present review covers the pivotal role of TRIA in plant growth and development, its mode of action and its significance in improving the crop productivity and quality of agricultural crops.

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Section: Tria Elicits L( )-Adenosinementioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Growth Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Yield and Quality Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Yield and Quality Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triacontanol: a potent plant growth regulator in agriculture

Naeem

Khan

Moinuddin

2012

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Chemical hormesis in cell growth: a molecular target at the cell surface

2000

J. Appl. Toxicol.

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A multifunctional ubiquinol (NADH) oxidase with protein disulfide-thiol interchange activity of the cell surface, abbreviated as NOX, is described as a molecular target for chemical hormesis of cell growth. The activity of the NOX correlates with rate of cell enlargement, which helps to determine how rapidly cells will divide. When NOX activity is inhibited, cells fail to enlarge following division and the result is a population of small cells unable to reach the minimum size required for them to divide again. In plants, cells fail to enlarge when NOX activity is inhibited. When NOX activity is stimulated or constitutively activated, as in cancer, cells enlarge more rapidly and the rate of cell division also is enhanced. Both cell growth and NOX activity are sometimes stimulated by low concentrations of normally inhibitory molecules. These properties define chemical hormesis, making the NOX molecule a molecular target to explain hormetic growth responses and to utilize hormetic principles to increase, for example, crop yields with plants. The NOX activity at the cell surface oscillates with a temperature-compensated 24-min ultradian (<24 h) periodicity. The indicated function of the NOX protein as a time-keeping mechanism adds to its potential importance as a molecular target for chemical hormesis.

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Alcohols, Higher Aliphatic, Survey and Natural Alcohols Manufacture

Peters

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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The monohydric aliphatic alcohols of six or more carbon atoms are generally referred to as higher alcohols. Historically, the higher alcohols were derived from natural fats, oils, and waxes and were called fatty alcohols, but now similar alcohols are widely available from synthetic processes using petrochemical feedstocks. Although the natural and synthetic alcohols are used interchangeably for many applications, for some applications the distinction still remains. The detergent range alcohols are used mainly as sulfate, ethoxy, and ethoxysulfate derivatives in a wide variety of detergent and surfactant applications. Most higher alcohols of commercial importance are primary alcohols; secondary alcohols have more limited specialty uses. Typical reactions of the higher alcohols include esterification, sulfation, etherification, halogenation, dehydration, oxidation, and amination. In the United States, most detergent range alcohol production is by synthetic processes. Most manufacturers sell a portion of their alcohol product on the merchant market, retaining a portion for internal use, typically for the manufacture of plasticizers. The higher alcohols are among the less toxic of commonly used chemicals. Fatty alcohols are produced by hydrogenolysis of methyl esters or fatty acids in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. There are three principal hydrogenolysis processes in worldwide use. Each process typically uses a copper chromite or copper‐zinc catalyst that is modified to meet the needs of the individual producer. The detergent range alcohols and their derivatives have a wide variety of uses in consumer and industrial products. The major use is as surfactants in detergents and cleaning products. They also are used extensively in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The plasticizer range alcohols are utilized primarily in plasticizers, but they also have a wide range of other uses.

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Regulation of plant growth with triacontanol

Cited by 70 publications

References 65 publications

Triacontanol: a potent plant growth regulator in agriculture

Triacontanol: a potent plant growth regulator in agriculture

Chemical hormesis in cell growth: a molecular target at the cell surface

Alcohols, Higher Aliphatic, Survey and Natural Alcohols Manufacture

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