Regulation of Pancreatic Protein Synthesis and Growth

Sans, Maria Dolors; Williams, John A.

doi:10.1002/9781119188421.ch9

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Some of these are known to be regulated and Dolors' research showed that these were affected by food, leading to an increase in CCK, insulin, vagal nerve activity, and plasma amino acids. (169) The latter is interesting because amino acids, especially leucine, act as both signals and substrate for protein synthesis. (170) Protein synthesis is inhibited in pancreatitis and Dolors' research also showed how this is mediated in cerulein-induced pancreatitis.…”

Section: Intracellular Signaling Pathways In Pancreatic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pancreas and Me

Williams¹

2023

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This is a personal story that weaves together the personal and professional aspects of a rewarding life in biomedical research. The book describes the education and career of John A. Williams, a leading biomedical scientist whose research focused on the exocrine pancreas and its function. It is arranged chronologically and covers Dr. Williams’ education, how he developed his interest in the pancreas, and how research on the pancreas developed over his 50 year career. It also provides insight into the state of American biomedical education, medical schools, and how research is funded and published. As a professor, his research was on the exocrine pancreas, its secretion of digestive enzymes, and regulation by gastrointestinal hormones. He published over 400 papers and trained over 60 graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Dr Williams served as President of two scientific societies, the American Pancreatic Association and the American Physiological Society, and as Editor of four journals. He also founded the Pancreapedia, an open access knowledge base about the exocrine pancreas. In addition, he taught medical and graduate students with a focus on gastrointestinal function. While a medical student, John married his life partner, Christa Smith, and they have been together 57 years raising two children and helping with four grandchildren and two great-grandchildren. John has a lifetime interest in outdoor activities, nature, and conservation. For the last decade he has been an advocate for reducing the use of fossil fuels. He is also active in the Ann Arbor Friends meeting.

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Section: Intracellular Signaling Pathways In Pancreatic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pancreas and Me

Williams¹

2023

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“…Disrupting this delicate balance can impair exocrine and endocrine function. 2 Studies have linked statin use with pancreatitis, purportedly from inflammatory responses, cellular toxicity, or toxic metabolite accumulation. However, evidence remains mixed, with some studies showing no association with statins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statin Induced Changes in Rat Pancreatic Tissue: A Histological and Biochemical Perspective

Qamar,

Khan,

Khan

et al. 2024

JRMC

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Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of simvastatin on pancreatic histomorphology and biochemical profile in a rat model. Method: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250 g were divided into two equal groups: a control group (A) and an experimental group (B) treated with simvastatin 60 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized, and their pancreas was collected for analysis and examined using gold-standard histological parameters including inflammation and fatty infiltration. Biochemical parameters i.e. serum amylase and alkaline phosphatase were also analysed. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23 was employed for data analysis. Mean ± SD was employed to express quantitative variables. Qualitative variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square tests compared qualitative variables while independent sample t-tests compared quantitative variables between groups, with P < 0.05 defining statistical significance. Results: The administration of Simvastatin resulted in a substantial induction of pancreatic inflammation and fatty infiltration, accompanied by notable alterations in the biochemical profile. Specifically, there was a significant reduction in serum amylase levels and a concomitant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, as compared to the control group. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that simvastatin profoundly alters pancreatic histomorphology in rats, resulting in marked inflammation, necrosis, fatty infiltration, and interstitial fibrosis. These novel findings provide unique insights into simvastatin's effects on pancreatic morphology using a robust animal model. Keywords: Simvastatin; Sprague-Dawley rats; pancreatic histomorphology, Amylase, Alkaline phosphatase.

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“…However, insulin administration to normal rats either decreases or does not change pancreatic amylase levels. A more direct role for glucose on amylase synthesis, in addition to its indirect effects through insulin release, has been suggested (165). In fact, a dietary response sequence in the promoter of the amylase Amy2.2 gene has been identified that mediates dietary adaptation and the effect of insulin (171).…”

Section: Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…eIF2B activity is inhibited at high doses of CCK by release of intracellular Ca 2+ and depletion of the intracellular stores, most likely from the ER lumen.This activates a kinase (such as PERK) that phosphorylates eIF2α. The ionophore A23187 and Thapsigargin (the inhibitor of the microsomal Ca 2+ -ATPase), also inhibit eIF2B activity through depletion of Ca 2+ stores and phosphorylation of eIF2α(165,166).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Digestive Enzyme Synthesis and its Translational Control

Pancreapedia: Exocrine Pancreas Knowledge Base

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Protein synthesis plays a central role in provision of pancreatic digestive enzymes and the maintenance of the pancreas. Both the mRNA profile and relative content of newly synthesized proteins are dominated by digestive enzymes. In the mature pancreas, about 90% of protein synthesis has been estimated to be devoted to a mixture of about 20 digestive enzymes (204). Whether the acinar cell can regulate digestive enzyme synthesis independent of the synthesis of cellular structural proteins is unclear. Pancreatic protein synthesis is regulated to match digestive enzyme synthesis to dietary need. Although the identity of individual synthesized proteins and longterm regulation is primarily determined by transcriptional regulation, the short-term extent, or rate of protein synthesis, is regulated at the translational level (161), because it needs to be immediate, flexible and reversible (123).

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Regulation of Pancreatic Protein Synthesis and Growth

Cited by 3 publications

References 76 publications

The Pancreas and Me

The Pancreas and Me

Statin Induced Changes in Rat Pancreatic Tissue: A Histological and Biochemical Perspective

Pancreatic Digestive Enzyme Synthesis and its Translational Control

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