Regulation of osteoclastogenesis and RANK expression by TGF‐β1

Yan, Tao; Riggs, B. Lawrence; Boyle, W.J.; Khosla, Sundeep

doi:10.1002/jcb.1200

Cited by 101 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…TGFβ was shown to enhance osteoclast differentiation, also attracting monocytes and fibroblasts (Bonewald & Mundy, 1990;Filvaroff et al, 1999;Hock, Canalis & Centrella, 1990;Karst et al, 2004;Koseki et al, 2002;Kubota et al, 1990;Massey et al, 2001;Mundy, 1991;Pilkington, Sims & Dixon, 2001;Sells Galvin et al, 1999;Yan et al, 2001). IGF-I and II stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation and may have a role in orthodontic tooth movement (Canalis et al, 1989;Mochizuki et al, 1992;Raisz et al, 1993a;Spencer et al, 1991;Thaller et al, 1993).…”

Section: Biological Factors In Rate Of Tooth Movement and Errmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthodontic mechanotransduction and the role of the P2X7 receptor

Viecilli

Katona

Chen

et al. 2009

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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DEDICATIONTo my parents, who have supported my education. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTSOne of the most important things I have learned during my PhD is the necessity of the existence of a working network of people that can help you achieve your goals. The more effectively this network functions, the higher the chance you will achieve the goals quickly.I would first like to thank my parents, who have unconditionally supported my decision to abandon a profitable private practice in Orthodontics, and return to humble student conditions while aiming for a full time academic career.I also thank my girlfriend Laura Kruter who has (almost always) been ok with my, some might say, not very sane ideas. Sometimes they do turn out fine, though (like this "PhD" one).I can hardly think of anyone else that could have complemented my work and ideas during this Program as well as Dr. Thomas Katona. While I was passionately conditioned to an idea, he was always rational and careful. While I was sometimes furious with a shortcoming, he was always temperate and humorous. When I ran into his office with some news about a project, he would always listen and almost never seem too busy to see me. While I was working and something went wrong, he would listen and wonder with me about the "whys" and "hows", instead of telling me what to do or express disappointment. He was even subject to some of my home culinary experiments. I was extremely fortunate to find someone that thought about science the same way I did, and that actually helped me with my project instead of just telling me what to do. I felt like we worked as a team, and that helped to increase my motivation during my studies. The third part of this project tested the role of the P2X7 receptor in the dentoalveolar morphology of C57B/6 mice. P2X7R KO (knockout) mice were compared to C57B/6 WT to identify differences in a maxillary molar and bone. Tooth dimensions viii were measured and 3D bone morphometry was conducted. No statistically significant differences were found between the two mouse types. P2X7R does not have a major effect on alveolar bone or tooth morphology.The final part examines the role of the P2X7 receptor in a controlled biomechanical model. Orthodontic mechanotransduction was compared in wild-type (WT) and P2X7R knock-out (KO) mice. Using Finite Element Analysis, mouse mechanics were scaled to produce typical human stress levels. Relationships between the biological responses and the calculated stresses were statistically tested and compared.There were direct relationships between certain stress magnitudes and root resorption and bone formation. Hyalinization and root and bone resorption were different in WT and KO. Orthodontic responses are related to the principal stress patterns in the PDL and the P2X7 receptor plays a significant role in their mechanotransduction.

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Section: Biological Factors In Rate Of Tooth Movement and Errmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthodontic mechanotransduction and the role of the P2X7 receptor

Viecilli

Katona

Chen

et al. 2009

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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“…It seems that regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity in scorbutic rats may also be influenced by some unidentified factors in addition to the osteoblast-mediated RANK-RANKL interactions (Suda et al, 1999). In fact, Yan et al (2001) reported direct stimulation of osteoclastic differentiation by TGF-␤1, accompanied by increased RANK mRNA and protein.…”

Section: Osteoblasts and Osteoclastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological influence of ascorbic acid deficiency on endochondral ossification in osteogenic disorder Shionogi rat

Sakamoto

Takano

2002

Anat. Rec.

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The influences of chronic deficiency of L-ascorbic acid (AsA) on the differentiation of osteo-chondrogenic cells and the process of endochondral ossification were examined in the mandibular condyle and the tibial epiphysis and metaphysis by using Osteogenic Disorder Shionogi (ODS) rats that bear an inborn deficiency of L-gulonolactone oxidase. Weanling male rats were kept on an AsA-free diet for up to 4 weeks, until the symptoms of scurvy became evident. The tibiae and condylar processes of scorbutic rats displayed undersized and distorted profiles with thin cortical and scanty cancellous bones. In these scorbutic bones, the osteoblasts showed characteristic expanded round profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and lay on the bone surface where the osteoid layer was missing. Trabeculae formation was deadlocked, although calcification of the cartilage matrix proceeded in both types of bone. Scorbutic condylar cartilage showed severe disorganization of cell zones, such as unusual thickening of the calcification zone, whereas the tibial cartilage showed no particular alterations (except for a moderately decreased population of chondrocytes). In condylar cartilage, hypertrophic chondrocytes were encased in a thickened calcification zone, and groups of nonhypertrophic chondrocytes occasionally formed cell nests surrounded by a metachromatic matrix in the hypertrophic cell zone. These results indicate that during endochondral ossification, chronic AsA deficiency depresses osteoblast function and disturbs the differentiation pathway of chondrocytes. The influence of scurvy on mandibular condyle cartilage is different from that on articular and epiphyseal cartilage of the tibia, suggesting that AsA plays different roles in endochondral ossification in the mandibular condyle and long bones. Anat Rec 268: 93-104, 2002.

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“…It could therefore be inferred that osteoclastogenesis regulation in PR animals may be affected by other factors besides osteoblast-osteoclast interaction mediated by RANK-RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor-Kappa B-RANK ligand) 15 and TGFb 1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) associated with an increase in RANK RNA messenger and protein. 16 On the other hand, it is well documented that severe protein undernutrition affects visceral proteins, particularly albumin and carrier proteins. Protein malnutrition also produces severe hypocalcemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial development disorders due to inhibition to endochondral ossification of mandibular condyle process caused by malnutrition

Martín

Pani

Holgado

et al. 2013

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To analyze the effect of protein restriction on histomorphometric parameters of bone remodeling in mandibular condyle process and its possible influence in facial development in growing rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats weaned at the age of 21 days were assigned to one of the following groups: control (fed a regular hard diet ad libitum) and protein restricted (PR) (fed a hard diet lacking in protein ad libitum). The animals were euthanized on day 35 after the onset of the experiment. Mandibles were resected, fixed in 10% formalin, hemisected at the symphysis, and then radiographed in order to perform cephalometric studies of the condylar process length and the height of the lower alveolar process. Mandibles were then processed for light microscopy, and histomorphometric determinations were performed on histologic sections of the condylar process subchondral bone. Results: The PR group showed a significantly lower body weight than control group at the end of the experiment. The length of the condylar process was lower in the PR group; however, the diet used in this study did not affect the height of the lower alveolar process. The histomorphometric analysis showed that the PR group exhibited a statistically significant decrease in bone formation and bone volume in condylar process subchondral bone. Conclusion: Protein restriction inhibits bone formation and longitudinal growth in the mandibular condylar process. This result suggest that protein restriction can alter normal facial development. (Angle Orthod. 2014;84:473-478.)

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Regulation of osteoclastogenesis and RANK expression by TGF‐β1

Cited by 101 publications

References 15 publications

Orthodontic mechanotransduction and the role of the P2X7 receptor

Orthodontic mechanotransduction and the role of the P2X7 receptor

Morphological influence of ascorbic acid deficiency on endochondral ossification in osteogenic disorder Shionogi rat

Facial development disorders due to inhibition to endochondral ossification of mandibular condyle process caused by malnutrition

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