“…Among them, 18 up‐regulated miRNAs (miR‐23a‐5p, miR‐300‐5p, miR‐21‐3p, miR‐344b‐1‐3p, miR‐351‐5p, miR‐874‐3p, miR‐144‐3p, miR‐3572, miR‐27a‐5p, miR‐183‐3p, miR‐294, miR‐451‐5p, miR‐483‐3p, miR‐883‐5p, miR‐125b‐2‐3p, miR‐3573‐3p, miR‐485‐3p and miR‐490‐5p) and 12 down‐regulated miRNAs (miR‐181c‐5p, miR‐187‐3p, miR‐532‐5p, miR‐194‐5p, miR‐203a‐3p, miR‐17‐1‐3p, miR‐192‐5p, miR‐28‐3p, miR‐140‐5p, miR‐142‐3p, miR‐29c‐3p and miR‐362‐3p) with clear statistical significance ( P <0.05 different from control values) were identified. Furthermore, nine miRNAs ‐ miR‐144‐3p, miR‐3572, miR‐27a‐5p, miR‐142‐3p, miR‐23a‐5p, miR‐21‐3p, miR‐294, miR‐351‐5p and miR‐362‐3p ‐ associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis (Romay et al ., ; Wang et al ., ; da Silva et al ., ; Dixit et al ., ; Brea et al ., ; Chen et al ., ; Li et al ., ) were selected for validation by real‐time PCR assay in IEC‐6 cells and rats. These results, shown in Figure B, were consistent with the results of the microarray assays.…”