Regulation of neuroblast proliferation by hormones and growth factors in chemically defined medium

Wu, Doris K.; Maciag, Thomas; Vellis, Jean de

doi:10.1002/jcp.1041360222

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Interestingly, the appearance of mesoderm-and neuroectoderm-derived cells within the organoid structure is consistent with the ability of HBGF-1 to act as a mitogen in vitro for epithelial cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes (1,2). Further, the presence of structures resembling nerves is also consistent with the neurotropic activity of HBGF-1 in vitro (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

RETRACTED: Heparin-binding growth factor 1 induces the formation of organoid neovascular structures in vivo.

Thompson

Haudenschild

Anderson

et al. 1989

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

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One of the promises of modem molecular biology has been the opportunity to use genetically modified human cells in a patient to permanently restore inborn errors of metabolism. Although it has been possible to introduce genes into mammalian cells and to control their expression, it has proven difficult to introduce mammalian cells as carriers of the modified genetic information into hosts. The successful implantation of selective cells cannot be achieved without adequate vascular support, an essential step toward integration and reconstitution of a new biological function. Although a partial solution to this problem has been found by inducing specific site-directed neovessel formation using heparinbinding growth factor 1 (HBGF-1) adsorbed to a collagen matrix, these implants function for only a short period (weeks). We now report the formation of organoid neovascular structures using polytetrafluoroethylene fibers coated with collagen and HBGF-1 implanted in the peritoneal cavity of the rat. The organoid structures contained readily visible vascular lumina and nonvascular structures that resemble nerve tissue. It was also possible to demonstrate that the vascular system on the implant is continuous with the vascular tree of the host. This feature was used to demonstrate that the organoid structures are capable of sustaining the biological function of implanted normal rat hepatocytes over long periods of time (months) in the homozygous Gunn rat, thereby facilitating future applications involving the delivery of new genetic information.Angiogenesis involves the orderly migration and proliferation of blood vessels and occurs during development (1,2). Although angiogenesis is an infrequent event in the adult, mainly associated with wound and fracture repair, exceptions are found in the female reproductive system, where this process occurs in the follicle during development, in the corpus luteum during ovulation, and in the placenta during pregnancy (1, 2). These physiologic, specific periods of angiogenesis are relatively brief and highly regulated in contrast to the pathologic angiogenic events associated with tumor growth, diabetic retinopathy, and other disorders. Because the endothelial cell is considered to be the primary cell involved in all forms of angiogenesis, efforts have concentrated on the identity of polypeptide factors that control endothelial cell proliferation (1,2). Indeed, the heparinbinding growth factor (HBGF) family of polypeptides has gained general acceptance as initiators of angiogenesis especially during development (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). This gene family includes the prototypes HBGF-1 (acidic fibroblast growth factor), HBGF-2 (basic fibroblast growth factor), and three additional HBGF-like structures, hst/KS, int-2, and fibroblast growth factor 5 (2, 5). HBGF-1 and HBGF-2 are potent inducers of endothelial cell migration and/or proliferation in vitro (1, 2, 7) and are known to modulate the expression of endothelial cell-derived proteases (8-13). Further, the HBGF prototypes are tightl...

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

RETRACTED: Heparin-binding growth factor 1 induces the formation of organoid neovascular structures in vivo.

Thompson

Haudenschild

Anderson

et al. 1989

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

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“…Rat astrocyte cultures prepared as described contained over 90% astrocytes based on immunocytochemical staining with anti-glial fibrillary acid protein serum (Morrison and de Vellis, 198 1; Aizenman and de Vellis, 1987). The chick neuronal cultures prepared from 7-day-old embryonic chick brains contained over 95% neurons based on antineurofilament staining (Aizenman et al, 1986;Wu et al, 1987), with very little non-neuronal contamination. When the two cell types were co-cultured, the cultures contained a bed layer of astrocytes with phase dark neurons growing atop with extensive neurite extensions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Glutamine Synthetase in Rat Astrocytes by Co‐Cultivation with Embryonic Chick Neurons

Scully

Vellis

1988

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Co-cultivation of confluent rat astrocyte cultures with embryonic chick neurons resulted in induction of glutamine synthetase activity in the astrocytes. This induction of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes by neurons was independent of induction by hydrocortisone and forskolin, but was dependent on the length of co-cultivation and the number of neurons present in the co-culture. Cycloheximide and actinomycin D inhibited the induction of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes by neurons, whereas cytosine arabinoside had no apparent effect. Results suggest that this induction of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes is mediated by cell contact with neurons and may represent a specific neuronal and glial interaction.

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“…The factor may serve as a continually released trophic factor for neurons or glia. In this regard, it should be noted that basic FGF acts as a glial growth factor (29,30) and as a neurotrophic factor in vitro and in vivo (12,13,31). Alternatively, FGF-5 may be secreted at synapses and modulate neuronal communication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the murine fibroblast growth factor 5 gene in the adult central nervous system.

Haub

Drucker

Goldfarb

1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

159

154

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The murine homolog of the fibroblast growth factor-5 (FGF-5) gene has been cloned, and the sequence of the gene's three exons has been determined. The murine gene and the previously isolated human FGF-5 gene are substantially homologous within the coding sequences and in upstream sequences, which contain an additional open reading frame. We have used a portion of the murine gene as probe to detect FGF-5 RNA in adult mouse tissues by both Northern blot and in situ hybridization methods. FGF-5 RNA is present at low levels in widely distributed areas of the central nervous system. Several loci of FGF-5 expression could be localized by in situ hybridization and include portions of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus. Neuronal expression accounts for at least some of the FGF-5 RNA synthesized in the central nervous system. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) constitute a family of mitogenic proteins with related primary structures. Each mammalian factor, of which seven are now known, is encoded by a distinct gene (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). FGFs are mitogenic towards a broad spectrum of mesodermal and ectodermal cells (9) and can act also as inducers (10-13) and inhibitors (14) of developmental pathways. Fibroblasts and endothelial cells can respond to several different FGFs (9). By contrast, keratinocyte growth factor, the most recently characterized FGF, does not stimulate fibroblast growth (15). Hence, FGFs may have overlapping but distinct spectra of activities.FGF-5 is a growth factor discovered in our laboratory as the product of a human oncogene detected by DNA transfection assays (6, 16). The protein is mitogenic towards fibroblasts and endothelial cells in vitro (6), but the natural targets for FGF-5 action in vivo have yet to be ascertained. As a first step towards an understanding of Genomic Library Screening. Murine NIH 3T3 DNA partially digested with Sau3aI was cloned into EMBL4 A phage DNA to generate one library, while another consisting of mouse spleen DNA cloned into A phage EMBL3 was obtained from F. Costantini. Libraries were screened by a standard procedure (17) using as probe human FGF-5 cDNA (6) labeled with 32P by random hexamer priming (18 RNA Filter Blot Hybridization. Tissues were dissected from 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice, and the RNA was isolated after solubilization in guanidinium isothiocyanate (21). RNA was also isolated from seven components of brain dissected by standard procedure (22). RNA filter blot hybridization after agarose gel electrophoresis followed a standard protocol (23) using a 32P-labeled Pst I/Sac I 450-bp DNA fragment containing exon 3 of the murine FGF-5 gene (see Fig. 1 *The sequences reported in this paper have been deposited in the GenBank data base (accession nos. M37821-4 for the murine FGF-5 gene and M37825 for the corrected human FGF-5 cDNA). 8022The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this f...

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Regulation of neuroblast proliferation by hormones and growth factors in chemically defined medium

Cited by 30 publications

References 31 publications

RETRACTED: Heparin-binding growth factor 1 induces the formation of organoid neovascular structures in vivo.

RETRACTED: Heparin-binding growth factor 1 induces the formation of organoid neovascular structures in vivo.

Induction of Glutamine Synthetase in Rat Astrocytes by Co‐Cultivation with Embryonic Chick Neurons

Expression of the murine fibroblast growth factor 5 gene in the adult central nervous system.

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