Regulation of Nanorefrigerant Use: A Proactive Measure Against Possible Undesirable Health and Environmental Implications

Abstract

Recent research studies have shown the very high potentials nanotechnology application has in the refrigeration and air conditioning industry for improving the thermophysical properties of refrigerants and lubricants hence leading to systems with higher COP and much reduced size. The successes achieved with nanorefrigerants are connected to the improved technology for the preparation of nanofluids that has led to achieving more homogeneous and stable mixture of the base fluid and nanoparticle. However, available literatures point to the fact that nanoparticles can find its way into the human cells and as such is a potential health risk for humans and animals. At present, emphasis appears to concentrate more on the technological successes achieved with nanorefrigerants, like improved thermal conductivity, nucleate boiling and boiling heat transfer coefficient without factoring in much the potential health implications of adopting it. This paper therefore looked at the potential health consequences of adopting nanotechnology and called for an early regulatory framework to guard against any unforeseen health issues. Areas of future research were also suggested.

Drivers of Proactive Environmental Strategies: Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Industry of Asian Economies

“…Buysse and Verbeke [20] and Henriques and Sadorsky [21] have incorporated stakeholder theory. However, several researchers used the organization's resource-based view to adopt the proactive environmental strategy, including a dynamic competency viewpoint [13,[40][41][42]. The proactive environmental strategy and organizational performance have a strong association; thus, the resource-based view method is helpful to evaluate this bond.…”