Regulation of myostatin expression is associated with growth and muscle development in commercial broiler and DMC muscle

Abstract

Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. Muscle tissue is the largest tissue in the body and influences body growth. Commercial Avian broiler chickens are selected for high growth rate and muscularity. Daweishan mini chickens are a slow growing small-sized chicken breed. We investigated the relations between muscle (breast and leg) myostatin mRNA expression and body and muscle growth. Twenty chickens per breed were slaughtered at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 days of age. Body and muscle weights were higher at all times in Avian chickens. Breast muscle myostatin expression was higher in Avian chickens than in Daweishan mini chickens at day 30. Myostatin expression peaked at day 60 in Daweishan mini chickens and expression remained higher in breast muscle. Daweishan mini chickens myostatin expression correlated positively with carcass weight, breast and leg muscle weight from day 0 to 60, and correlated negatively with body weight from day 90 to 150, while myostatin expression in Avian chickens was negatively correlated with carcass and muscle weight from day 90 to 150. The results suggest that myostatin expression is related to regulation of body growth and muscle development, with two different regulatory mechanisms that switch between days 30 and 60.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s11033-018-4187-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A Review on the Genetic Regulation of Myogenesis and Muscle Development

“…Recent researches reported in myostatin-null mice revealed that PI3K and apoptotic pathways were regarded as possible Myostatin targets and Myostatindeficiency in mice increases global gene expression at the Dlk1-Dio3 locus in the skeletal muscle (Chelh et al, 2009;Hitachi and Tsuchida, 2017;Lessard et al, 2018). Myostatin acts at key points during pre-and post-natal life of amniotes that ultimately determine the overall muscle mass of animals selected for high growth rate and muscularity (Aiello et al, 2018;Dou et al, 2018). Mutations in domestic animals have already demonstrated the impact of attenuating Myostatin activity on muscle development and a number of large animals, including cattle, sheep, goat, horse, pig, rabbit and chicken, display the double muscled phenotype or enlarged muscle mass due to mutations in the Myostatin gene (Aiello et al, 2018;Dou et al, 2018).…”

“…Myostatin acts at key points during pre-and post-natal life of amniotes that ultimately determine the overall muscle mass of animals selected for high growth rate and muscularity (Aiello et al, 2018;Dou et al, 2018). Mutations in domestic animals have already demonstrated the impact of attenuating Myostatin activity on muscle development and a number of large animals, including cattle, sheep, goat, horse, pig, rabbit and chicken, display the double muscled phenotype or enlarged muscle mass due to mutations in the Myostatin gene (Aiello et al, 2018;Dou et al, 2018). The most recent research investigated the relations between muscle (breast and leg) myostatin mRNA expression and body and muscle growth among commercial broiler chickens (Dou et al, 2018).…”

“…Mutations in domestic animals have already demonstrated the impact of attenuating Myostatin activity on muscle development and a number of large animals, including cattle, sheep, goat, horse, pig, rabbit and chicken, display the double muscled phenotype or enlarged muscle mass due to mutations in the Myostatin gene (Aiello et al, 2018;Dou et al, 2018). The most recent research investigated the relations between muscle (breast and leg) myostatin mRNA expression and body and muscle growth among commercial broiler chickens (Dou et al, 2018). They found the expression of Myostatin genes was correlated negatively with body weight from day 90 to 150 and the carcass weight and muscle mass from day 90 to 150 in Avian broiler chickens (Dou et al, 2018).…”

“…The most recent research investigated the relations between muscle (breast and leg) myostatin mRNA expression and body and muscle growth among commercial broiler chickens (Dou et al, 2018). They found the expression of Myostatin genes was correlated negatively with body weight from day 90 to 150 and the carcass weight and muscle mass from day 90 to 150 in Avian broiler chickens (Dou et al, 2018).…”

“…All these three muscle types share the property that they contract to move substances around the body (smooth and cardiac) or move and stabilize the skeleton or skeletal (Robson, 2017). Specifically, the skeletal muscles are very import economic genetic traits in domestic animals (Aiello et al, 2018;Dou et al, 2018), such as the breast and leg muscles in commercial broiler chicken. In general, muscle cells of vertebrates originate from the mesoderm which is one of the early emerging cell types in initial myogenesis and development of muscle tissues.…”