Regulation of Monospecies and Mixed Biofilms Formation of Skin Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes by Human Natriuretic Peptides

Ганнесен, А. В.; Lesouhaitier, Olivier; Racine, Pierre‐Jean; Barreau, Magalie; Нетрусов, А.И.; Плакунов, В. К.; Feuilloley, Marc

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02912

Cited by 32 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…2, 3). The minimum biofilm thickness recorded in this study (160 ± 37 μm) was higher than the 30 ± 2 μm thickness recorded for S. aureus MFP03 34 . In this study, the formation of thicker biofilms by the S. aureus Newman strain compared to literature may be partly due to stronger adhesion under the dynamic conditions employed in our biofilm assay 35 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Impact of solid surface hydrophobicity and micrococcal nuclease production on Staphylococcus aureus Newman biofilms

Forson

Mei

Sjollema

2020

Sci Rep

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Staphylococcus aureus is commonly associated with biofilm-related infections and contributes to the large financial loss that accompany nosocomial infections. The micrococcal nuclease Nuc1 enzyme limits biofilm formation via cleavage of eDNA, a structural component of the biofilm matrix. Solid surface hydrophobicity influences bacterial adhesion forces and may as well influence eDNA production. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the impact of Nuc1 activity is dependent on surface characteristics of solid surfaces. For this reason, this study investigated the influence of solid surface hydrophobicity on S. aureus Newman biofilms where Nuc1 is constitutively produced. To this end, biofilms of both a wild-type and a nuc1 knockout mutant strain, grown on glass, salinized glass and Pluronic F-127-coated silanized glass were analysed. Results indicated that biofilms can grow in the presence of Nuc1 activity. Also, Nuc1 and solid surface hydrophobicity significantly affected the biofilm 3D-architecture. In particular, biofilm densities of the wild-type strain on hydrophilic surfaces appeared higher than of the mutant nuc1 knockout strain. Since virulence is related to bacterial cell densities, this suggests that the virulence of S. aureus Newman biofilms is increased by its nuclease production in particular on a hydrophilic surface. In general, bacteria prefer living in communities at a surface rather than as single individuals in their aqueous surroundings. It is therefore not surprising that the biofilm mode of growth is paramount to the survival of microorganism in both industrial and medical settings. Biofilms are notorious for causing food-borne diseases due to their formation on food and food factory equipments 1 but on the other hand can be beneficial in waste water treatments 2. Biofilms and in particular biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus that establish on medical implants still remain the underlying factor for infection recurrence and refractory response to conventional antibiotic treatments 3-5. A biofilm is described as a bacterial community wrapped in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). EPS generally consist of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) or poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG), proteins, RNA, lipids and extracellular DNA (eDNA), depending on the bacterial strain 6,7. eDNA on the surface of planktonic S. aureus has been shown to improve adhesion as well as stabilize S. aureus biofilm structure at low pH 8. During the early stages of S. aureus biofilm formation, a short period of heightened micrococcal nuclease production occurs which has been described to result in a first round of bacterial dispersal 9. As the biofilm matures, bacteria continue to grow and produce EPS. This is accompanied by a second round of cell detachment through the peripheral and in-depth expression of the accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing system once a critical mass is reached 10,11. Staphylococcus aureus independently expresses two forms of micrococcal nucleases, the excreted Nuc1...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Impact of solid surface hydrophobicity and micrococcal nuclease production on Staphylococcus aureus Newman biofilms

Forson

Mei

Sjollema

2020

Sci Rep

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“…However, bioinformatic studies performed on the sequenced genome of C acnes revealed the presence of an amidase showing 69% homology with the P aeruginosa AmiC protein previously identified as the sensor for CNP in this bacterium. [63] No protein ortholog to the human natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-C) was found in the genome of S aureus but this bacterial species also express enzymes showing partial homology with the bacterial sensor for CNP, AmiC. [63] Therefore, as SP and CGRP, in skin, natriuretic peptides should also regulate the behaviour of cutaneous bacteria, but through an original way involving a mechanism dependent of the temperature.…”

Section: Natriuretic Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dialog between skin and its microbiota: Emergence of “Cutaneous Bacterial Endocrinology”

Racine

Janvier

Clabaut

et al. 2020

Experimental Dermatology

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The pioneering work of Kaplan and Greenberg [1] led to admit that, as eukaryotic cells, bacteria can communicate. In fact, many multicellular social bacterial behaviours such as swarming type motility, [2] biofilm formation [3] and virulence expression, [4] require population synchronization and that is performed at least partly through a highly regulated cell-to-cell communication system called quorum sensing (QS). QS is based on the bacterial population density, which is performed through secretion and sensing of specific signal molecules named autoinducers. Nowadays, many QS autoinducers, such as the N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHL) and quinolones (Gram-negative

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“…Skin thus may be a target, as well as an active element, in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis activated during stress (16). It has been recently demonstrated that cutaneous bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus cereus , and Cutibacterium (former Propionibacterium ) acnes can sense and react to skin neuropeptides, such as substance P, calcitonin gene related peptide, and natriuretic peptides (17–20). Thus, the skin microbiota may be a relay in neurogenic inflammation (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acne and Stress: Impact of Catecholamines on Cutibacterium acnes

et al. 2019

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Cutibacterium acnes (former Propionibacterium acnes ), is a bacterium characterized by high genomic variability, consisting of four subtypes and six major ribotypes. Skin is the largest neuroendocrine organ of the human body and many cutaneous hormones and neurohormones can modulate b acterial physiology. Here, we investigated the effect of catecholamines, i.e., epinephrine and norepinephrine, on two representative strains of C. acnes , of which the genome has been fully sequenced, identified as RT4 acneic and RT6 non-acneic strains. Epinephrine and norepinephrine (10 −6 M) had no impact on the growth of C. acnes but epinephrine increased RT4 and RT6 biofilm formation, as measured by crystal violet staining, whereas norepinephrine was only active on the RT4 strain. We obtained the same results by confocal microscopy with the RT4 strain, whereas there was no effect of either catecholamine on the RT6 strain. However, this strain was also sensitive to catecholamines, as shown by MATs tests, as epinephrine and norepinephrine affected its surface polarity. Flow cytometry studies revealed that epinephrine and norepinephrine are unable to induce major changes of bacterial surface properties and membrane integrity. Exposure of sebocytes to control or catecholamine-treated bacteria showed epinephrine and norepinephrine to have no effect on the cytotoxic or inflammatory potential of either C. acnes strains but to stimulate their effect on sebocyte lipid synthesis. Uriage thermal spring water was previously shown to inhibit biofilm production by C. acnes . We thus tested its effect after exposure of the bacteria to epinephrine and norepinephrine. The effect of the thermal water on the response of C. acnes to catecholamines depended on the surface on which the biofilm was grown. Finally, an in-silico study revealed the presence of a protein in the genome of C. acnes that shows homology with the catecholamine receptor of Escherichia coli and eukaryotes. This study suggests that C. acnes may play a role as a relay between stress mediators (catecholamines) and acne.

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Regulation of Monospecies and Mixed Biofilms Formation of Skin Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes by Human Natriuretic Peptides

Cited by 32 publications

References 57 publications

Impact of solid surface hydrophobicity and micrococcal nuclease production on Staphylococcus aureus Newman biofilms

Impact of solid surface hydrophobicity and micrococcal nuclease production on Staphylococcus aureus Newman biofilms

Dialog between skin and its microbiota: Emergence of “Cutaneous Bacterial Endocrinology”

Acne and Stress: Impact of Catecholamines on Cutibacterium acnes

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