Regulation of mononuclear phagocyte function by the microbiota at mucosal sites

Introduction: Diverse microbiotas which have some contributions to gene expression reside in human skin. To identify the protective role of the skin microbiome against UV exposure, proteinprotein interaction (PPI) network analysis is used to assessment gene expression alteration. Methods: A microarray dataset, GEO accession number GSE117359, was considered in this respect. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) in the germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) groups are analyzed by GEO2R. The top significant DEGs were assigned for network analysis via Cytoscape 3.7.2 and its applications. Results: A total of 28 genes were identified as significant DEGs and the centrality analysis of the network indicated that only one of the seven hub-bottlenecks was from queried genes. The gene ontology analysis of Il6, Cxcl2, Cxcl1, TNF, Il10, Cxcl10, and Mmp9 showed that the crucial genes were highly enriched in the immune system. Conclusion: The skin microbiome plays a significant role in the protection of skin against UV irradiation and the role of TNF and IL6 is prominent in this regard.

show abstract

“…Scott and Mann published a piece of data about the regulation of mononuclear phagocytes function by the microbiota at mucosal sites. 30…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Microbiome Role in Skin Protection Against UV Irradiation Via Network Analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Overall, the impact of microbiota and bacteria-derived molecules on myeloid cell function in barrier tissues is well-established (reviewed in Ref. [29,30]). On the other hand, the effect of resident microorganism-derived factors on barrier tissue myeloid cell density remains incompletely understood, since the reported effects are both tissue-and cell-specific as described above.…”

Section: Barrier Tissues Are Immunologically Challenged Nichesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of myeloid cell density in barrier tissues

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interface between the mammalian host and its environment is formed by barrier tissues, for example, of the skin, and the respiratory and the intestinal tracts. On the one hand, barrier tissues are colonized by site-adapted microbial communities, and on the other hand, they contain specific myeloid cell networks comprising macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes. These immune cells are tightly regulated in function and cell number, indicating important roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and immune balance in the presence of commensal microorganisms. The regulation of myeloid cell density and activation involves cell-autonomous 'single-loop circuits' including autocrine mechanisms. However, an array of microenvironmental factors originating from nonimmune cells and the microbiota, as well as the microanatomical structure, impose additional layers of regulation onto resident myeloid cells. This review discusses models integrating these factors into cell-specific programs to instruct differentiation and proliferation best suited for the maintenance and renewal of immune homeostasis in the tissue-specific environment.

show abstract

“…Single-cell transcriptomics (scRNAseq) provides an opportunity to understand how Bt BEVs can influence gut mucosal immune cell populations with cell-type specific resolution. Of particular interest are monocytes, macrophages and DCs, which play key roles in initiating and determining the outcome of local and systemic immune responses to non-harmful and harmful stimuli [16], and shaping the immune response in IBD [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles produced by the human commensal gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron affect host immune pathways in a cell-type specific manner that are altered in inflammatory bowel disease

Módos

Fonseca

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is inhabited by a complex microbial community, which contributes to its homeostasis. Disrupted microbiome can cause GI-related diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, therefore identifying host-microbe interactions is crucial for better understanding gut health. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), released into the gut lumen, can cross the mucus layer and access underlying immune cells. To study cross-kingdom communication between BEVs and host, we focused on the influence of BEVs, generated by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (VPI-5482), on host immune cells. Using single-cell RNA sequencing data and host-microbe protein-protein interaction networks, we examined the potential effect of BEVs on dendritic cells, macrophages and monocytes with particular focus on the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway. We identified biological processes affected in each immune cell type, and also cell-type specific processes (e.g myeloid cell differentiation). The TLR pathway analysis highlighted that BEV targets differ among cells and even between the same cells in healthy versus disease (ulcerative colitis) conditions. Our in silico findings were validated in BEV-monocyte co-cultures demonstrating the requirement for TLR4 in BEV-elicited NF-κB activation. This study demonstrates that both cell-type and health condition influence BEV-host communication. The results and the pipeline can facilitate BEV-based therapy development for the treatment of IBD.

show abstract

Regulation of mononuclear phagocyte function by the microbiota at mucosal sites

Cited by 24 publications

References 147 publications

Assessment of the Microbiome Role in Skin Protection Against UV Irradiation Via Network Analysis

Assessment of the Microbiome Role in Skin Protection Against UV Irradiation Via Network Analysis

Control of myeloid cell density in barrier tissues

Extracellular vesicles produced by the human commensal gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron affect host immune pathways in a cell-type specific manner that are altered in inflammatory bowel disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About