Regulation of Mitochondrial Function by Bioactive Sphingolipids

Abstract

Sphingolipids such as ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine 1 cellular functions. Sphingolipids mediates metabolites play an important role in the development and progression of mitochondria related disorders. as an important second messenger in apoptosis signaling and is generated by de novo synthesis, sphingomyelin hydrolysis, or recycling of sphingolipids. S1P, a potent signaling sphingolipid exerts myriads of pathophysiological function, including lymphocyte trafficking, angiogenesis, vascular development and inflammation. sphingolipids, such as S1P, sphingosine, an respiratory function, apoptosis and calcium homeostasis. Further, we discuss the role of sphingolipids in mitochondrial diseases and targeting them for drug development. in human health and disease.

How to reprogram microglia toward beneficial functions

“…The S1P receptor ligand FTY720 has been recently shown to attenuate microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation after white matter ischemic injury and to promote oligodendrogenesis via the transcription factor signal transducer activator of transcription (STAT)3 (Qin et al, ) (Figure ), one of the STAT transcription factors that regulate cytokine (El Kasmi et al, ) and chemokine (Kwon et al, ) production. Of note, S1P is a known activator of mitochondrial function (Nema & Kumar, ), suggesting a possible contribution of enhanced respiratory function to microglia phenotypic switch.…”