Regulation of Membrane Trafficking, Cytoskeleton Dynamics, and Cell Polarity by ROP/RAC GTPases

Yalovsky, Shaul; Bloch, Daria; Sorek, Nadav; Kost, Benedikt

doi:10.1104/pp.108.122150

Cited by 153 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(225 reference statements)

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“…Membrane targeting is usually a prerequisite for the activation of ROP GTPases or their interaction with effectors (Yalovsky et al, 2008). Therefore, we investigated the subcellular localization of ROP10 in plant cells.…”

Section: Pm-localized Activated Rop10 Determines the Extent Of Depolamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Small GTPase ROP10 of Medicago truncatula Is Required for Both Tip Growth of Root Hairs and Nod Factor-Induced Root Hair Deformation

Lei

Wang

et al. 2015

Plant Cell

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Rhizobia preferentially enter legume root hairs via infection threads, after which root hairs undergo tip swelling, branching, and curling. However, the mechanisms underlying such root hair deformation are poorly understood. Here, we showed that a type II small GTPase, ROP10, of Medicago truncatula is localized at the plasma membrane (PM) of root hair tips to regulate root hair tip growth. Overexpression of ROP10 and a constitutively active mutant (ROP10CA) generated depolarized growth of root hairs, whereas a dominant negative mutant (ROP10DN) inhibited root hair elongation. Inoculated with Sinorhizobium meliloti, the depolarized swollen and ballooning root hairs exhibited extensive root hair deformation and aberrant infection symptoms. Upon treatment with rhizobia-secreted nodulation factors (NFs), ROP10 was transiently upregulated in root hairs, and ROP10 fused to green fluorescent protein was ectopically localized at the PM of NF-induced outgrowths and curls around rhizobia. ROP10 interacted with the kinase domain of the NF receptor NFP in a GTP-dependent manner. Moreover, NF-induced expression of the early nodulin gene ENOD11 was enhanced by the overexpression of ROP10 and ROP10CA. These data suggest that NFs spatiotemporally regulate ROP10 localization and activity at the PM of root hair tips and that interactions between ROP10 and NF receptors are required for root hair deformation and continuous curling during rhizobial infection.

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Section: Pm-localized Activated Rop10 Determines the Extent Of Depolamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Small GTPase ROP10 of Medicago truncatula Is Required for Both Tip Growth of Root Hairs and Nod Factor-Induced Root Hair Deformation

Lei

Wang

et al. 2015

Plant Cell

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“…The pollen tube has been a favorite model system for the investigation of polarized cell growth and of its relation to the actin cytoskeleton Sagot et al, 2002;Cole and Fowler, 2006;Yalovsky et al, 2008;Yang, 2008). Pollen tubes extend rapidly via tip growth, searching for the ovule to deliver the sperm cells to the embryo sac for fertilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ArabidopsisFormin3 Directs the Formation of Actin Cables and Polarized Growth in Pollen Tubes

et al. 2009

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Cytoplasmic actin cables are the most prominent actin structures in plant cells, but the molecular mechanism underlying their formation is unknown. The function of these actin cables, which are proposed to modulate cytoplasmic streaming and intracellular movement of many organelles in plants, has not been studied by genetic means. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana formin3 (AFH3) is an actin nucleation factor responsible for the formation of longitudinal actin cables in pollen tubes. The Arabidopsis AFH3 gene encodes a 785-amino acid polypeptide, which contains a formin homology 1 (FH1) and a FH2 domain. In vitro analysis revealed that the AFH3 FH1FH2 domains interact with the barbed end of actin filaments and have actin nucleation activity in the presence of G-actin or G actin-profilin. Overexpression of AFH3 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) pollen tubes induced excessive actin cables, which extended into the tubes' apices.

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“…The W/SRC (for WASP family verprolin homologous/ suppressor of cAMP receptor regulatory complex) and Actin-Related Protein (ARP)2/3 complex are part of an evolutionarily conserved Rho-of-Plants (ROP)/Rac small GTPase signal transduction cascade that controls actindependent morphogenesis in a wide variety of tissues and developmental contexts Szymanski, 2005;Yalovsky et al, 2008). Many of the components and regulatory relationships among the complexes were discovered based on the stage-specific cell-swelling and -twisting phenotypes of the distorted class of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) trichome mutants (Szymanski et al, 1999;Zhang et al, 2005Zhang et al, , 2008Djakovic et al, 2006;Le et al, 2006;Uhrig et al, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endoplasmic Reticulum Is a Reservoir for WAVE/SCAR Regulatory Complex Signaling in the Arabidopsis Leaf

et al. 2013

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During plant cell morphogenesis, signal transduction and cytoskeletal dynamics interact to locally organize the cytoplasm and define the geometry of cell expansion. The WAVE/SCAR (for WASP family verprolin homologous/suppressor of cyclic AMP receptor) regulatory complex (W/SRC) is an evolutionarily conserved heteromeric protein complex. Within the plant kingdom W/SRC is a broadly used effector that converts Rho-of-Plants (ROP)/Rac small GTPase signals into Actin-Related Protein2/3 and actin-dependent growth responses. Although the components and biochemistry of the W/SRC pathway are well understood, a basic understanding of how cells partition W/SRC into active and inactive pools is lacking. In this paper, we report that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important organelle for W/SRC regulation. We determined that a large intracellular pool of the core W/SRC subunit NAP1, like the known positive regulator of W/SRC, the DOCK family guanine nucleotide-exchange factor SPIKE1 (SPK1), localizes to the surface of the ER. The ER-associated NAP1 is inactive because it displays little colocalization with the actin network, and ER localization requires neither activating signals from SPK1 nor a physical association with its W/SRC-binding partner, SRA1. Our results indicate that in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaf pavement cells and trichomes, the ER is a reservoir for W/SRC signaling and may have a key role in the early steps of W/SRC assembly and/or activation.

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Regulation of Membrane Trafficking, Cytoskeleton Dynamics, and Cell Polarity by ROP/RAC GTPases

Cited by 153 publications

References 157 publications

The Small GTPase ROP10 of Medicago truncatula Is Required for Both Tip Growth of Root Hairs and Nod Factor-Induced Root Hair Deformation

The Small GTPase ROP10 of Medicago truncatula Is Required for Both Tip Growth of Root Hairs and Nod Factor-Induced Root Hair Deformation

ArabidopsisFormin3 Directs the Formation of Actin Cables and Polarized Growth in Pollen Tubes

The Endoplasmic Reticulum Is a Reservoir for WAVE/SCAR Regulatory Complex Signaling in the Arabidopsis Leaf

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