Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in cutis laxa fibroblasts: upregulation of MMP‐1, MMP‐3 and MMP‐9 genes but not of the MMP‐2 gene

Abstract

A major histopathological abnormality in cutis laxa (CL) is a paucity of elastic structures. The aim of this study was to investigate the gene expression levels of the major matrix degrading factors matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9 in CL. The gene expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9 in cultured CL fibroblasts were measured by northern blot, immunoblot and gelatin zymographic analysis. Markedly increased mRNA levels of MMP-1 (8.4-fold), MMP-3 (7.2-fold) and MMP-9 (more than 10-fold) were found in CL fibroblasts, whereas MMP-2 mRNA levels in these fibroblasts were unaltered. Increased protein production levels of MMP-1 (4.6-fold) and MMP-3 (5.1-fold) in CL fibroblasts were shown by immunoblot analysis. On gelatin zymographic analysis, the gelatinolytic activities of MMP-9 but not of MMP-2 were increased (2.2-fold). These results suggest that increased gene expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 in CL fibroblasts may contribute to the histopathological abnormality in CL.

Effects of extracellular matrix‐degrading proteases matrix metalloproteinases 3 and 9 on spatial learning and synaptic plasticity

“…Two major forms of MMP-3 protein were observed in rat hippocampus, a proMMP-3 consisting of a doublet or triplet at approximately 65 kDa and a 35-kDa immunoreactive band that has been previously described as an active MMP-3 (Hatamochi et al 1998) (Figs 3a and b). Both the pro and active MMP-3 forms were markedly increased on days 1 (142.01 ± 3.69 and 504.73 ± 56.7% respectively) and 2 (702.95 ± 132.92 and 508.23 ± 25.64% respectively) of training and returned to control levels on days 3 and 4.…”

“…Two major forms of MMP‐3 protein were observed in rat hippocampus, a proMMP‐3 consisting of a doublet or triplet at approximately 65 kDa and a 35‐kDa immunoreactive band that has been previously described as an active MMP‐3 (Hatamochi et al . 1998) (Figs 3a and b).…”

Elastic tissue damage in cephalic acquired cutis laxa

“…The real mechanism leading to damage of elastic fibers is not fully understood. In one report an overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3 and 9 was found, 12 which may be involved in the pathological degradation of the elastic tissue. We could see perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates, but in the vicinity of the elastic fibers there were no inflammatory cells.…”

Analysis of α2-adrenergic Receptors and Effect of Brimonidine on Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Human Ciliary Body

“…Gelatinase A (MMP-2) was identified at 72 kDa 41 corresponding to the pro forms of MMP-2. Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) was present at 57 38 and 59 kDa, 42,43 corresponding to unglycosylated and glycosylated forms of pro-MMP-3, respectively. MT5-MMP (MMP-24) was identified at 64 kDa 44 corresponding to pro-MMP-24.…”