Regulation of leptin secretion from white adipocytes by free fatty acids

Cammisotto, Philippe; Gélinas, Yves; Deshaies, Yves; Bukowiecki, L. J.

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00052.2003

Cited by 61 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…In contrast to SCFA, MCFA and LCFA either saturated or unsaturated inhibited leptin expression in bovine adipocytes, in line with those reported in rat and mouse adipocytes [21][22][23][24][25], although they increase leptin expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells [27,28]. The mechanism of the inhibitory effect of LCFA in bovine adipocytes is still obscure, but one plausible explanation is that LCFA acts as a PPAR-γ agonist that has been shown to inhibit leptin expression and secretion in adipocytes [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Recently, it has been shown that short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as propionate stimulate leptin production in mouse adipocytes [20], although it is well described that medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and LCFA inhibit leptin expression and production in rat adipocytes and differentiated mouse 3T3-L1 cells [21][22][23][24][25]. Similarly, acetate and butyrate stimulate leptin expression in bovine anterior pituitary cells [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inverse regulation of leptin mRNA expression by short- and long-chain fatty acids in cultured bovine adipocytes

Soliman

Kimura

Ahmed

et al. 2007

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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Leptin is an adipose tissue-derived cytokine plays key roles in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. However, regulatory mechanisms of leptin gene expression are not fully elucidated in ruminants that utilize short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), known as volatile fatty acids, as principal energy sources. In this study, we determined effects of SCFA and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) on leptin expression in bovine adipocytes. Bovine stromal vascular cells isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of Holstein cows were cultured to confluence and treated sequentially with dexamethasone and isobutylmethylxanthine for 2 days and insulin and troglitazone for 12 days to achieve full differentiation to adipocytes. The cells started to accumulate lipids 4 days after the onset of treatment, with increased mRNAs expression of leptin, as well as aP2, adiponectin, and PPAR-γ  Removal of fetal calf serum and reduction of glucose in the culture medium of differentiated adipocytes decreased leptin mRNA expression.Subsequent addition of acetate, butyrate, or propionate dose-dependently restored and rather increased leptin expression, while addition of LCFA suppressed it. The stimulatory effect of acetate was abolished by prior treatment of the cells with pertussis toxin and by addition of LCFA. Furthermore, cows fasted for 48h and fed thereafter, elaborate reduced and increased plasma leptin levels, respectively. Thus, these results suggest that plasma leptin levels in cows are inversely controlled at transcription by VFA and LCFA, and that the effects of SCFA possibly act through a G protein-coupled receptor for SCFA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse regulation of leptin mRNA expression by short- and long-chain fatty acids in cultured bovine adipocytes

Soliman

Kimura

Ahmed

et al. 2007

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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“…This is particularly true because the increase in plasma FFA in those groups was significant. Moreover, the possible influence of TG and glycerol on plasma leptin release from the adipose tissue is unknown and the role of FFA in the regulation of the leptin level is not clear (Cammisotto et al, 2003). In other studies, the reported connections between plasma leptin and lipid concentrations are more likely to be the effect of the existing energy status of the examined horses (Frank et al, 2006;Pleasant et al, 2013;Suagee et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Changes in plasma leptin concentration during different types of exercises performed by horses

Kędzierski

2014

Animal

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Leptin is a tissue-derivative adipokine that regulates appetite, food intake and energy expenditure. It is still not clear how exercise affects plasma leptin concentration in horses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of exercise intensity and duration on plasma leptin levels in working horses. A total of 38 horses were prospectively included in the study and grouped according to the type of exercise they performed: dressage (six stallions, group D), jumping (12 stallions, group J), race (12 Thoroughbred horses, six stallions and six mares, group R) and harness (10 light draft stallions, group H). Blood samples were taken both before and after routine exercise (immediately after the exercise, 30 min and 24 h after). Blood lactic acid (LA) and plasma concentration of leptin, cortisol, uric acid, triacylglycerols, glycerol and free fatty acids were determined. Immediately after exercise, group R had the highest level of LA, whereas groups D and J had the lowest levels. A significant increase in plasma leptin concentration was stated only in group H in samples taken immediately after the end of the exercise period and 30 min after the exercise period, as compared with the values obtained at rest. A significant increase in plasma cortisol concentration was found immediately after the end of the exercise period in groups R and H. Leptin exercise-to-rest ratio was significantly correlated with cortisol exercise-to-rest ratio (r = 0.64; P < 0.001). The increase in plasma leptin concentration in exercised horses was related to the increased plasma cortisol concentration and took place only during long-lasting exercise, which was not intensive.Keywords: cortisol, leptin, horse, exercise ImplicationsLeptin is an adipokine that regulates energetic metabolism, appetite and food intake in mammals. The effect of exercise on plasma leptin concentration in horses is still not clear. The results of the present study indicate that some kinds of exercise increase the plasma leptin level in horses. Better understanding of the regulation of leptin release during exercise could contribute towards improving the performance and state of health of exercising horses; it is thus clear that detailed knowledge of improving the performance of trained horses will have an economic importance. The data presented in this study have never been published elsewhere.

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“…In short-term experiments (2 h), FAs antagonize insulin-stimulated leptin secretion from rat adipocytes without affecting basal levels (12). Blocking triacylglycerol synthesis with triacsin C, which raised intracellular FA availability, also inhibits leptin release after 2 h (74).…”

Section: Nutrients May Signal Alterations In Leptin Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blocking triacylglycerol synthesis with triacsin C, which raised intracellular FA availability, also inhibits leptin release after 2 h (74). The effect of FAs on leptin release is independent of mitochondrial FA oxidation (12), suggesting that their effect over the short term is mediated by an inhibition of insulin signaling. Consistent with this idea, infusion of intralipid/heparin to humans for several hours to raise FAs does not affect baseline leptin levels (59) but blocks the stimulatory effect of insulin (22).…”

Section: Nutrients May Signal Alterations In Leptin Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of hormonal and nutrient signals that regulate leptin synthesis and secretion

Lee¹,

Fried²

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

109

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Lee M-J, Fried SK. Integration of hormonal and nutrient signals that regulate leptin synthesis and secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 296: E1230 -E1238, 2009. First published March 24, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90927.2008.-This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the pre-and posttranscriptional mechanisms that regulate leptin production and secretion in adipocytes. Basal leptin production is proportional to the status of energy stores, i.e., fat cell size, and this is mainly regulated by alterations in leptin mRNA levels. Leptin mRNA levels are regulated by hormones, including glucocorticoids and catecholamines, but little is known about the transcriptional mechanisms involved. Leptin synthesis and secretion is also acutely modulated in response to hormones such as insulin and the availability of metabolic fuels. Acute variations in leptin production over a time course of minutes to hours are mediated at the levels of both translation and secretion. Increases in amino acids and insulin after a meal activate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, leading to an increase in specific rates of leptin biosynthesis. Cross-talk among mTOR, PKA, and AMPactivated protein kinase pathways appears to integrate hormonal and nutrient signals that regulate leptin mRNA translation, at least in part through mechanisms involving its 5Ј-and 3Ј-untranslated regions. In addition, the rate of leptin secretion from preformed stores in response to hormonal cues is also regulated. Insulin stimulates, and adrenergic agonists inhibit, leptin secretion, and this likely contributes to variations in the magnitude of nutrition-related leptin excursions and oscillations. Overall, the study of leptin production has contributed to a deepening understanding of leptin biology and, more broadly, to our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the adipocyte integrates hormonal and nutrient signals to regulate adipokine production. adipose tissue; adrenergic; feeding; insulin; obesity LEPTIN IS A 16-KDA PROTEIN encoded by the obese (lep) gene that is expressed and secreted mainly by adipocytes. When energy stores are low, a fall in leptin decreases thermogenesis, promotes fatty acid (FA) over glucose oxidation, and decreases the activity of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal and gonadal axes (1). Leptin also modulates the activities of the hematopoietic (5) and immune (52) systems, as well as angiogenesis (7).

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Regulation of leptin secretion from white adipocytes by free fatty acids

Cited by 61 publications

References 43 publications

Inverse regulation of leptin mRNA expression by short- and long-chain fatty acids in cultured bovine adipocytes

Inverse regulation of leptin mRNA expression by short- and long-chain fatty acids in cultured bovine adipocytes

Changes in plasma leptin concentration during different types of exercises performed by horses

Integration of hormonal and nutrient signals that regulate leptin synthesis and secretion

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