Regulation of IL-6 system in cerebrospinal fluid and serum compartments by seizures: the effect of seizure type and duration

Lehtimäki, Kai; Keränen, Tiina; Huhtala, Heini; Hurme, Mikko; Ollikainen, Jyrki; Honkaniemi, Jari; Palmio, Johanna; Peltola, Jukka

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.01.024

Cited by 115 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This finding is in line with previous studies reporting elevated cytokine levels in serum/plasma and CSF in the interictal period, but especially after seizures, in TLE and other epileptic syndromes [9,15,16,18,28,29]. The mechanisms underlying this low-grade inflammation, i.e.…”

Section: Inflammatory Association With Clinical Findingssupporting

confidence: 92%

Peripheral leukocyte profile in people with temporal lobe epilepsy reflects the associated proinflammatory state

Vieira

Oliveira

Lessa

et al. 2016

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Section: Inflammatory Association With Clinical Findingssupporting

confidence: 92%

Peripheral leukocyte profile in people with temporal lobe epilepsy reflects the associated proinflammatory state

Vieira

Oliveira

Lessa

et al. 2016

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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“…Rapid induction of IL-6 expression in the brain is known to occur in most (if not all) neuropathological conditions, including seizures in humans (Lehtimäki et al, 2003(Lehtimäki et al, , 2004Peltola et al, 1998Peltola et al, , 2002Jankowsky and Patterson, 1999) where IL-6 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid up to 100 pg/ml have been found (Peltola et al, 2000). Astrocytes are a major source of IL-6 in the brain (van Wagoner and Benveniste, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-6 Upregulates Neuronal Adenosine A1 Receptors: Implications for Neuromodulation and Neuroprotection

Biber

Pinto-Duarte

Wittendorp

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The immunological response in the brain is crucial to overcome neuropathological events. Some inflammatory mediators, such as the immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) affect neuromodulation and may also play protective roles against various noxious conditions. However, the fundamental mechanisms underlying the long-term effects of IL-6 in the brain remain unclear. We now report that IL-6 increases the expression and function of the neuronal adenosine A 1 receptor, with relevant consequences to synaptic transmission and neuroprotection. IL-6-induced amplification of A 1 receptor function enhances the responses to readily released adenosine during hypoxia, enables neuronal rescue from glutamate-induced death, and protects animals from chemically induced convulsing seizures. Taken together, these results suggest that IL-6 minimizes the consequences of excitotoxic episodes on brain function through the enhancement of endogenous adenosinergic signaling.

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“…[19] Başka bir klinik ça-lışma ile IL-6'nın hem fokal hem de jeneralize nöbetlerden sonra plazmadaki miktarının arttığı gösterilmiştir. [20] TLE ile sitokinler arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran bir diğer klinik çalış-mada da dirençli fokal epilepsilerde postiktal dönemde TLE grubunda IL-6 değerleri artmış olarak saptamış ancak TLE dışındaki diğer gruplarda plazma IL-6 seviyesinde artış saptanmamıştır. [21] Bütün bu çalışmalar interlökinlerin epilepsi nöbetleri ve TLE ile ilişkisinin önemine dikkat çekmektedir.…”

Section: İmmün Yanıt Ve Temporal Lob Nöbetleriunclassified

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Autoimmunity

Sezgi̇n¹

2015

Epilepsi

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SummaryEpilepsy is one of the most frequent neurological diseases affecting quality of life in our country and in the world. Temporal lobe epilepsy is especially remarkable in terms of its frequency, resistance to treatment and large spectrum of the affected age groups. There are recent increasing new evidences on the relationship between autoimmune mechanisms and temporal lobe epilepsy. Understanding the autoimmune mechanisms will contribute to create new concepts for the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.Keywords: Anti-neuronal antibodies; autoimmune epilepsy; temporal lobe epilepsy. ÖzetEpilepsi yaşam kalitesini etkileyen, ülkemizde ve dünyada en sık görülen nörolojik hastalıklardan biridir. Temporal lob epilepsisi sıklığı, tedaviye gösterdiği direnç ve etkilediği geniş yaş grubu açısından özellikle dikkate değerdir. Otoimmün mekanizmalar ile temporal lob epilepsisi arasındaki ilişki her geçen gün yeni oluşan kanıtlar eşliğinde ortaya konmaktadır. Bu otoimmün mekanizmaların anlaşılması temporal lob epilepsisi etyopatogenezi, tanısı ve tedavisine ilişkin yeni kavramların geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.Anahtar sözcükler: Antinöronal otoantikor; otoimmün epilepsi; temporal lob epilepsisi.

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Regulation of IL-6 system in cerebrospinal fluid and serum compartments by seizures: the effect of seizure type and duration

Cited by 115 publications

References 21 publications

Peripheral leukocyte profile in people with temporal lobe epilepsy reflects the associated proinflammatory state

Peripheral leukocyte profile in people with temporal lobe epilepsy reflects the associated proinflammatory state

Interleukin-6 Upregulates Neuronal Adenosine A1 Receptors: Implications for Neuromodulation and Neuroprotection

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Autoimmunity

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