Regulation of<i>Picea abies</i>seed dormancy by red and far‐red light at various moisture contents

Leinonen, Kari; Chantal, Michelle de

doi:10.1080/02827589809382960

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nyman (1961Nyman ( , 1963 found that germination of intact Pinus sylvestris pine seeds was stimulated by red and white light. Germination of Norway spruce seeds was stimulated by red light also (Leinonen and De Chantal, 1998), but this effect seemed to be less strong than in Pinus sylvestris, and quite small after 21 d. In line with this, seeds of Picea glauca and Picea sitschensis had similar germination frequencies in light and darkness (Li et al, 1994). Somatic embryos of Norway spruce appear to be much more sensitive to light quality than seeds of this and related species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Light quality influences germination, root growth and hypocotyl elongation in somatic embryos but not in seedlings of norway spruce

Kvaalen

Appelgren²

1999

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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We studied how light from different light sources influences germination and postgerminative growth of plants from somatic embryos and seeds of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst). Somatic embryos of three spruce genotypes and seeds were subjected to light from commercially available light sources: Philips TLD Blue 18W/18 (BL), Osram Fluora (FL), Philips Cool White TL 50W/33 (CW), Osram Warm White 18W/30 (WW), Philips Yellow 36W/16 (YE) and Philips TLD Red 36W/15 (RE), 18 h a day, with a photon flux (PAR) at 30 gmol m 2 s-l. After 6 wk the germination frequencies of the somatic embryo-derived plantlets were 50% under BL and 98% under RE. The corresponding mean root lengths were 6.7 and 15.4 mm. In somatic embryo-derived plantlets cultured under BL, FL, CW and WW, both roots and hypocotyls turned brown, presumably due to production of phenolic substances. Browning was less severe in somatic embryo-derived plantlets cultured under RE and YE. Under RE, the epicotyl elongated in 37% of the plantlets after 6 wk, compared with 70% under the other light sources. Seed germination and postgerminative seedling growth was modestly influenced by light from these light sources. RE and WW initially delayed germination as compared with BL, FL and CW, but after 2 wk, more than 90% of the seeds had germinated under all light sources. In conclusion, germination and postgerminative growth of somatic embryos of spruce is sensitive to differences in light quality, whereas seed germination and seedling growth is not.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Light quality influences germination, root growth and hypocotyl elongation in somatic embryos but not in seedlings of norway spruce

Kvaalen

Appelgren²

1999

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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“…It was proved [2,11,12] that light is necessary for better germination of Norway spruce seeds, because of the effect of the light-sensing mechanism, that regulates germination of seeds, so the tests were performed under a 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod with a 52 µmol m -2 ·s -1 light (PPFD -Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density at the level of filter paper under the bell jars, 40 W Daylight, Polam, 380-680 nm). The period with temperature higher than 23°C was included in the illumination time.…”

Section: Storage Of Seeds In Traditional Cold-storesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How long can seeds of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) be stored?

Suszka

Chmielarz

Walkenhorst³

2005

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Seeds of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) belong to the orthodox category, because they can be desiccated to a low level of moisture content and be stored at low temperature without damage. Here we present original results of germination tests and observations of seedling development after storage of seeds for the first 17 years at -5°C to -6°C, followed by 12 years at -3°C, in total for 29 years at subfreezing temperatures. We also investigated cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen at -196°C, as an alternative method of seed storage. Before cryopreservation, seeds were desiccated to a moisture content of 3 or 6%. After 2-year storage in liquid nitrogen, their germination course and development of seedlings did not differ from those of freshly extracted and non-stored seeds and also from those of seeds stored for 2 years at -3°C.Picea abies / conservation / cryopreservation / desiccation / germination / seedling growth Résumé -Combien de temps les graines d'épicea (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) peuvent-elles être conservées ? Les graines d'épicea appartiennent à la catégorie des graines dites orthodoxes parce qu'elles peuvent être déshydratées jusqu'à une faible teneur en eau et peuvent être conservées sans dommage à basse température. Nous présentons ici les résultats des tests de germination et des observations sur le développement des semis après stockage des graines pendant 29 ans, de -5 à -6°C pendant 17 ans, puis à -3°C pendant 12 ans. La cryoconservation dans l'azote liquide (-196°C), une méthode alternative de stockage des graines, a aussi été étudiée. Avant leur cryoconservation, les graines ont été deshydratées jusqu'à une teneur en eau de 3 % ou 6 %. Après 2 ans de stockage des graines dans l'azote liquide, le déroulement de leur germination et le développement de semis ne différent pas de ceux des graines fraîchement extraites et non stockées ni de ceux des graines conservées pendant 2 ans à -3°C .Picea abies / cryoconservation / dessication / germination / stockage / croissance des semis

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“…Little is known about the interconnected key molecular processes controlling dormancy and germination in response to hormonal and environmental cues (Koornneef et al 2002). The light is another factor influencing the germination capacity -seeds of some tree species do not germinate in the dark (Leinonen, De Chantal 1998;Cho et al 2014). Experiments with alternate red and far red light treatments indicate the need for long periods of exposure to red light for germination -this property of seeds may be related to the detection of light gap size and its differentiation from the normal flecks of sunlight in the forest (Vázquez-Yanes, Smith 1982).…”

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confidence: 99%

Testing of germination of spruce, pine and larch seed after 10 years from collection

2014

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:Germination capacity and germination energy are usually the most frequently used quantitative parameters of forest tree seed. With seed ageing both parameters decreased and the rate of the collapse is given by tree species, age of tree and its seed and biotic and abiotic factors. Relatively little attention has been paid to the age of seed. As it was found, the longevity of the main tree species remained relatively high, and spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karsten and pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) from the investigated areas across the Czech Republic maintained minimally one third of germination capacity or germination energy during the 10 years with the exception of larch (Larix decidua Mill.) where germination capacity decreased almost to zero after 10 years. Although the germination energy and germination capacity decreased significantly, it is possible to use the seed in the case of shortage of the seed of better quality.  

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Regulation ofPicea abiesseed dormancy by red and far‐red light at various moisture contents

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Light quality influences germination, root growth and hypocotyl elongation in somatic embryos but not in seedlings of norway spruce

Light quality influences germination, root growth and hypocotyl elongation in somatic embryos but not in seedlings of norway spruce

How long can seeds of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) be stored?

Testing of germination of spruce, pine and larch seed after 10 years from collection

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