Regulation of host–pathogen interactions via the post-transcriptional Csr/Rsm system

Kusmierek, Maria; Dersch, Petra

doi:10.1016/j.mib.2017.11.022

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…While studies in Gram-negative bacteria revealed intricate regulatory circuits composed of Csr/Rsm proteins and antagonistic sRNAs 69 , these proteins can also be regulated by protein-protein interactions. For example, the protein CesT in enteropathogenic E. coli not only functions as a cytosolic chaperone of secreted virulence effectors, but also moonlights as a direct inhibitor of CsrA to lift the CsrA-dependent repression of effector mRNAs 70 .…”

Section: Csr/rsmmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA-binding proteins in bacteria

2018

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RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are central to most if not all cellular processes, dictating the fate of virtually all RNA molecules in the cell. Starting with pioneering work on ribosomal proteins, studies of bacterial RBPs have paved the way for molecular studies of RNA-protein interactions. Work over the years has identified major RBPs that act on cellular transcripts at the various stages of bacterial gene expression and that enable their integration into post-transcriptional networks that also comprise small non-coding RNAs. Bacterial RBP research has now entered a new era in which RNA sequencing-based methods permit mapping of RBP activity in a truly global manner in vivo. Moreover, the soaring interest in understudied members of host-associated microbiota and environmental communities is likely to unveil new RBPs and to greatly expand our knowledge of RNA-protein interactions in bacteria.

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Section: Csr/rsmmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA-binding proteins in bacteria

2018

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“…In addition to sRNA-mediated mechanisms, pathogens also modify host immunogenic gene expression post-transcriptionally through RNA-binding proteins and alternate splicing (Svensson and Sharma 2016). The RNA-binding proteins carbon storage regulator (Csr) and regulator of secondary metabolism (Rsm) are produced by a range of pathogenic bacteria, including Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Legionella pneumophila, and bind to the translation initiation region of a large diversity of mRNAs, many of which underlie host immune responses, to inhibit their translation (Svensson and Sharma 2016;Kusmierek and Dersch 2018). As splicing is involved in the activation of normal immune responses to infection, (e.g., via release of membrane-bound pre-mRNAs), pathogen-modified splicing has been proposed to be an understudied mechanism for pathogen manipulation of host gene regulation (Chauhan et al 2019;Rigo et al 2019).…”

Section: C the Pervasiveness Of Post-transcriptional Mechanisms Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in symbiont-induced host cellular differentiation

Russell¹,

Castillo²

2020

Preprint

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Bacteria participate in a wide diversity of symbiotic associations with eukaryotic hosts that require precise interactions for bacterial recognition and persistence. Most commonly, host-associated bacteria interfere with host gene expression to modulate the immune response to the infection. However, many of these bacteria also interfere with host cellular differentiation pathways to create a hospitable niche, resulting in the formation of novel cell types, tissues, and organs. In both of these situations, bacterial symbionts must interact with eukaryotic regulatory pathways. Here, we detail what is known about how bacterial symbionts, from pathogens to mutualists, control host cellular differentiation across the central dogma, from epigenetic chromatin modifications, to transcription and mRNA processing, to translation and protein modifications. We identify four main trends from this survey. First, mechanisms for controlling host gene expression appear to evolve from symbionts co-opting cross-talk between host signalling pathways. Second, symbiont regulatory capacity is constrained by the processes that drive reductive genome evolution in host-associated bacteria. Third, the regulatory mechanisms symbionts exhibit correlate with the cost/benefit nature of the association. And, fourth symbiont mechanisms for interacting with host genetic regulatory elements are not bound by native bacterial capabilities. Using this knowledge, we explore how the ubiquitous intracellular Wolbachia symbiont of arthropods and nematodes may modulate host cellular differentiation to manipulate host reproduction. Our survey of the literature on how infection alters gene expression in Wolbachia and its hosts revealed that, despite their intermediate-sized genomes, different strains appear capable of a wide diversity of regulatory manipulations. Given this and Wolbachia’s diversity of phenotypes and eukaryotic-like proteins, we expect that many symbiont-induced host differentiation mechanisms will be discovered in this system.

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“…The CsrA (carbon storage regulatory) protein binds RNA and plays an extensive role in gene regulation in a myriad of bacteria (94). CsrA typically represses translation initiation by binding to the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and blocking ribosomal binding (95)(96)(97); however, CsrA has also been shown to activate translation and promote RNA stability (98,99) (Fig.…”

Section: Posttranscriptional Regulation Plays a Global Role In Ehec Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

After the Fact(or): Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7

Sauder

Kendall

2018

J Bacteriol

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To adapt to ever-changing environments, pathogens quickly alter gene expression. This can occur through transcriptional, posttranscriptional, or posttranslational regulation. Historically, transcriptional regulation has been thoroughly studied to understand pathogen niche adaptation, whereas posttranscriptional and posttranslational gene regulation has only relatively recently been appreciated to play a central role in bacterial pathogenesis. Posttranscriptional regulation may involve chaperones, nucleases, and/or noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) and typically controls gene expression by altering the stability and/or translation of the target mRNA. In this review, we highlight the global importance of posttranscriptional regulation to enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) gene expression and discuss specific mechanisms of how EHEC regulates expression of virulence factors critical to host colonization and disease progression. The low infectious dose of this intestinal pathogen suggests that EHEC is particularly well adapted to respond to the host environment.

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Regulation of host–pathogen interactions via the post-transcriptional Csr/Rsm system

Cited by 34 publications

References 78 publications

RNA-binding proteins in bacteria

RNA-binding proteins in bacteria

Trends in symbiont-induced host cellular differentiation

After the Fact(or): Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7

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