Regulation of gross growth efficiency and ammonium regeneration in bacteria by substrate C: N ratio1

Goldman, Joel C.; Caron, David A.; Dennett, Mark R.

doi:10.4319/lo.1987.32.6.1239

Cited by 507 publications

(501 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Both theoretical and experimental studies have demonstrated higher individual respiration rates and lower gross growth efficiencies in marine bacteria when substrate C:N ratios increase (Harder and Dijkhuizen 1983;Billen 1984;Lancelot and Billen 1985;Goldman et al 1987;Hopkinson et al 1989). Similar trends were more recently observed for freshwater bacteria with increasing substrate C:P and C:N ratios (Cimbleris and Kalff 1998;Biddanda et al 2001).…”

Section: Respirationsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Similar trends were more recently observed for freshwater bacteria with increasing substrate C:P and C:N ratios (Cimbleris and Kalff 1998;Biddanda et al 2001). Higher seston C:N or C:P ratios indicate lower substrate availability for bacteria, which generates heavier costs of biosyntheses and increases catabolism of C compounds (Goldman et al 1987;Cimbleris and Kalff 1998). These effects could thus be a general property for heterotrophs facing an unbalanced diet with high C:P or C:N. Note that the same principle may hold for photorespiration observed in green algae and C-3 higher plants when improving high light levels.…”

Section: Respirationsupporting

confidence: 59%

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How Daphnia copes with excess carbon in its food

2003

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Animals that maintain near homeostatic elemental ratios may get rid of excess ingested elements from their food in different ways. C regulation was studied in juveniles of Daphnia magna feeding on two Selenastrum capricornutum cultures contrasting in P content (400 and 80 C:P atomic ratios). Both cultures were labelled with 14 C in order to measure Daphnia ingestion and assimilation rates. No significant difference in ingestion rates was observed between P-low and P-rich food, whereas the net assimilation of 14 C was higher in the treatment with P-rich algae. Some Daphnia were also homogeneously labelled over 5 days on radioactive algae to estimate respiration rates and excretion rates of dissolved organic C (DOC). The respiration rate for Daphnia fed with high C:P algae (38.7% of body C day -1 ) was significantly higher than for those feeding on low C:P algae (25.3% of body C day -1 ). The DOC excretion rate was also higher when animals were fed on P-low algae (13.4% of body C day -1 ) than on P-rich algae (5.7% of body C day -1 ) . When corrected for respiratory losses, total assimilation of C did not differ significantly between treatments (around 60% of body C day -1 ). Judging from these experiments, D. magna can maintain its stoichiometric balance when feeding on unbalanced diets (high C:P) primarily by disposing of excess dietary C via respiration and excretion of DOC.

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Section: Respirationsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Respirationsupporting

confidence: 59%

How Daphnia copes with excess carbon in its food

2003

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“…As Thingstad et al (1997) pointed out, bacterial growth may be limited by some nutrient other than carbon or nitrogen. Even if several different nutrients are modeled, fixed (Redfield) ratios are inappropriate since the elemental composition of bacteria differ markedly from phytoplankton (Goldman et al 1987). Extracellular release of DOM by phytoplankton is also dependent on the degree and form of nutrient limitation.…”

Section: Modeling Carbon Flow Through Oceanic Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a better understanding of microbial carbon flux in the sea*

Gasol¹,

Pinhassi²,

Alonso‐Sáez³

et al. 2008

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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We now have a relatively good idea of how bulk microbial processes shape the cycling of organic matter and nutrients in the sea. The advent of the molecular biology era in microbial ecology has resulted in advanced knowledge about the diversity of marine microorganisms, suggesting that we might have reached a high level of understanding of carbon fluxes in the oceans. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that there are large gaps in the understanding of the role of bacteria in regulating carbon fluxes. These gaps may result from methodological as well as conceptual limitations. For example, should bacterial production be measured in the light? Can bacterial production conversion factors be predicted, and how are they affected by loss of tracers through respiration? Is it true that respiration is relatively constant compared to production? How can accurate measures of bacterial growth efficiency be obtained? In this paper, we discuss whether such questions could (or should) be addressed. Ongoing genome analyses are rapidly widening our understanding of possible metabolic pathways and cellular adaptations used by marine bacteria in their quest for resources and struggle for survival (e.g. utilization of light, acquisition of nutrients, predator avoidance, etc.). Further, analyses of the identity of bacteria using molecular markers (e.g. subgroups of Bacteria and Archaea) combined with activity tracers might bring knowledge to a higher level. Since bacterial growth (and thereby consumption of DOC and inorganic nutrients) is likely regulated differently in different bacteria, it will be critical to learn about the life strategies of the key bacterial species to achieve a comprehensive understanding of bacterial regulation of C fluxes. Finally, some processes known to occur in the microbial food web are hardly ever characterized and are not represented in current food web models. We discuss these issues and offer specific comments and advice for future research agendas.

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“…The BFM representation of the bacterial dynamics (Baretta-Bekker et al 1997;Polimene et al 2006) allows bacteria to act as inorganic nutrient remineralisers or as utilisers (and therefore as phytoplankton competitors for nutrients) on the basis of their C:N:P ratios: higher/lower C:P and/or C:N bacterial ratios (compared to Goldman et al 1987) determine the bacterial utilisation/remineralisation of inorganic nutrients. The different biogeochemical functionality of the bacteria is associated to the establishment of the herbivorous or microbial trophic web and on trophic conditions shifting from eutrophic to oligotrophic (Legendre and Rassoulzadegan 1995;Fagerbakke et al 1996;Vrede 1998;Vichi et al 2003a).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The baseline value for the adopted bacterial molar C:N:P ratio is the Goldman et al (1987) ratio (45:9:1). The BFM representation of the bacterial dynamics (Baretta-Bekker et al 1997;Polimene et al 2006) allows bacteria to act as inorganic nutrient remineralisers or as utilisers (and therefore as phytoplankton competitors for nutrients) on the basis of their C:N:P ratios: higher/lower C:P and/or C:N bacterial ratios (compared to Goldman et al 1987) determine the bacterial utilisation/remineralisation of inorganic nutrients.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking 1D coastal ocean modelling to environmental management: an ensemble approach

2017

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The use of a one-dimensional interdisciplinary numerical model of the coastal ocean as a tool contributing to the formulation of ecosystem-based management (EBM) is explored. The focus is on the definition of an experimental design based on ensemble simulations, integrating variability linked to scenarios (characterised by changes in the system forcing) and to the concurrent variation of selected, and poorly constrained, model parameters. The modelling system used was previously specifically designed for the use in "data-rich" areas, so that horizontal dynamics can be resolved by a diagnostic approach and external inputs can be parameterised by nudging schemes properly calibrated. Ensembles determined by changes in the simulated environmental (physical and biogeochemical) dynamics, under joint forcing and parameterisation variations, highlight the uncertainties associated to the application of specific scenarios that are relevant to EBM, providing an assessment of the reliability of the predicted changes. The work has been carried out by implementing the coupled modelling Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna, Italy system BFM-POM1D in an area of Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea), considered homogeneous from the point of view of hydrological properties, and forcing it by changing climatic (warming) and anthropogenic (reduction of the land-based nutrient input) pressure. Model parameters affected by considerable uncertainties (due to the lack of relevant observations) were varied jointly with the scenarios of change. The resulting large set of ensemble simulations provided a general estimation of the model uncertainties related to the joint variation of pressures and model parameters. The information of the model result variability aimed at conveying efficiently and comprehensibly the information on the uncertainties/reliability of the model results to non-technical EBM planners and stakeholders, in order to have the model-based information effectively contributing to EBM.

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Regulation of gross growth efficiency and ammonium regeneration in bacteria by substrate C: N ratio1

Abstract: Natural assemblages of marine bacteria were cultured on combinations of C and N sources (amino acids, glucose, and NH,') to span a range of substrate C: N ratios from 1.5 : 1 to 10 : 1.

Cited by 507 publications

References 47 publications

How Daphnia copes with excess carbon in its food

How Daphnia copes with excess carbon in its food

Towards a better understanding of microbial carbon flux in the sea*

Linking 1D coastal ocean modelling to environmental management: an ensemble approach

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