Regulation of GLUT4 translocation in an <i>in vitro</i> cell model using postprandial human serum <i>ex vivo</i>

Cogan, Karl E.; Carson, Brian P.; Patel, Bijal; Amigo‐Benavent, Miryam; Jakeman, Philip M.; Egan, Brendan

doi:10.1113/ep087356

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1d and e, GLUT4 expression was enhanced with increasing levels of Akt phosphorylation, suggesting that WS-PE stimulates GLUT4 expression by activating the Akt/GLUT4 pathway. These results are in agreement with previous reports and preliminarily conclude that WS-PE may have antidiabetic effects that are exerted by targeting Akt/GLUT4 (27). GSK3β, a well-known crucial downstream target of Akt, exerts significant effects on regulating glycogen synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Antidiabetic effects of a lipophilic extract obtained from flowers of Wisteria sinensis by activating Akt/GLUT4 and Akt/GSK3β

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2020

Food & Nutrition Research

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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is primarily caused by insulin resistance (IR) in insulin-sensitive tissues, including liver, white adipose tissues (WAT), and skeletal muscles. Discovering nutritious foods with antidiabetic effects is of great significance. Numerous published reports indicated that protein kinase B (Akt) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) play crucial roles in ameliorating IR and diabetic symptoms. Objective: In the present study, antidiabetic effects and the potential mechanism of action of WS-PE (a lipophilic extract from edible flowers of Wisteria sinensis) were explored with L6 cells in vitro and in high-fat diet (HFD) + Streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice in vivo. Design: In vivo, HFD + STZ-induced diabetic mice were used as diabetic models to investigate the potential antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activities. In vitro, a novel GLUT4 translocation assay system was established to evaluate the potential effects of WS-PE on GLUT4 translocation. Western blot analysis was adopted to investigate the molecular mechanisms of WS-PE both in vivo and in vitro. Results: In vitro, WS-PE increased glucose uptake by stimulating GLUT4 expression and translocation, which were regulated by Akt phosphorylation. In vivo, the WS-PE treatment ameliorated the hyperglycemia, IR, and dyslipidemia and reversed hepatic steatosis and pancreatic damage in diabetic mice. The WS-PE treatment increased GLUT4 expression by Akt activation in WAT and skeletal muscle. Akt activation stimulated GSK3β phosphorylation in liver and skeletal muscles, indicating that WS-PE showed regulatory effects on glycogen synthesis in liver and skeletal muscles. Conclusion: These in vitro and in vivo results indicated that the WS-PE treatment exerted antidiabetic effects by activating Akt/GLUT4 and Akt/GSK3β.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Antidiabetic effects of a lipophilic extract obtained from flowers of Wisteria sinensis by activating Akt/GLUT4 and Akt/GSK3β

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2020

Food & Nutrition Research

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“…Experimental and clinical evidence has emerged since the early 2000s that plasma AA levels increase in insulin-resistant conditions, as well as the fact that a protein-enriched diet can correct impaired glucose metabolism [38]. Both the effect of the administration of a mixture of AA and the effects caused by the administration of individual amino acids were studied.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research in phytochemical composition and hypoglycemic activity screening of the dry extracts from bearberry leaves

Chaika

Mazen²,

Коshovyi

et al. 2021

SR: PS

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Diabetes mellitus is a global medical and social issue. In the developed countries of the world, from 5 to 12% of the population are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and, according to WHO prognosis, the level of this disease may increase to 30-35%. Type 2 diabetes is a disease that progresses over time, but the rational and systematic use of hypoglycemic synthetic drugs and phytopreparations can significantly delay the onset of insulin therapy. A promising source of BAS with a hypoglycemic effect is the raw material of plants of the Heather family, namely, bearberry leaves. However, on the Ukrainian market there are no domestic galenic and novo-galenic preparations based on biologically active substances of this raw material, which indicates the prospects for the development of new drugs, including those with hypoglycemic action. The aim. The aim of the study was to study the phytochemical composition and to carry out a screening of the hypoglycemic activity of dry extracts from bearberry leaves modified with various amino acids to identify promising substances with hypoglycemic action. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 11 dry extracts from bearberry leaves, 10 of which were modified with various amino acids. The study of the phenolic compounds of the extracts was carried out by TLC, HPLC, and spectrophotometry. To assess the hypoglycemic activity of the extracts, two experiments were carried out - primary screening and oral glucose tolerance test. Results. Using TLC and HPLC, in the extracts obtained arbutin, gallic acid, 5 flavonoids were identified, among which hyperoside was dominant, 4 hydroxycinnamic acids, among which chlorogenic and caffeic acids were dominant, and their content was established. In the extracts obtained, main groups of phenolic compounds were quantified using a spectrophotometric method. Dry extracts from bearberry leaves, modified with cysteine, arginine and glutamic acid, showed the strongest hypoglycemic activity. Conclusions. The chemical composition of phenolic compounds and the hypoglycemic activity of dry extracts from bearberry leaves modified with 10 different amino acids were determined. The most promising substances turned out to be extracts modified with cysteine, arginine and glutamic acid; therefore, they are promising agents for the development of new drugs.

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“…Conversely, in myotubes, WP has been shown to upregulate signaling pathways related to free fatty acid transport to mitochondria ( 43 ) and mitochondrial ability to oxidize free fatty acids ( 44 ). Additionally, myotubes cultured in serum from humans who consumed WP in the fasted state had improved GLUT4 translocation which would promote uptake of glucose to the muscle ( 46 ). Thus, WP may contribute to FM reductions by promoting the breakdown of adipose, suppressing the synthesis of FFA, and improving transport and oxidation of free fatty acids in both adipose and muscle tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whey Protein Supplementation Effects on Body Composition, Performance, and Blood Biomarkers During Army Initial Entry Training

et al. 2022

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This study assesses if a lower dose of whey protein can provide similar benefits to those shown in previous work supplementing Army Initial Entry Training (IET) Soldiers with two servings of whey protein (WP) per day. Eighty-one soldiers consumed one WP or a calorie matched carbohydrate (CHO) serving/day during IET (WP: n = 39, height = 173 ± 8 cm, body mass = 76.8 ± 12.8 kg, age = 21 ± 3 years; CHO: n = 42, 175 ± 8 cm, 77.8 ± 15.3 kg, 23 ± 4 years). Physical performance (push-ups, sit-ups, and a two-mile run) was assessed during weeks two and eight. All other measures (dietary intake, body composition, blood biomarkers) at weeks one and nine. There was a significant group difference for fat mass (p = 0.044) as WP lost 2.1 ± 2.9 kg and had a moderate effect size (Cohen's d: −0.24), whereas the CHO group lost 0.9 ± 2.5 kg and had only a small effect size (d: −0.1). There was no significant group-by-time interaction on fat-free mass (p = 0.069). WP gained 1.2 ± 2.4 (d: 0.1) and CHO gained 0.1 ± 3 (d: 0) kg of FFM on average. There was a significant group by week 1-fat free mass interaction (p = 0.003) indicating individuals with higher initial fat-free mass benefitted more from WP. There were no group differences for push-up (p = 0.514), sit-up (p = 0.429) or run (p = 0.313) performance. For all biomarkers there was a significant effect of time as testosterone (p < 0.01), testosterone to cortisol ratio (p = 0.39), and IGF-1 (p < 0.01) increased across training and cortisol (p = 0.04) and IL-6 (p < 0.01) decreased. There were no differences in groups across IET for any of the biomarkers. We conclude one WP serving is beneficial for FM and for FFM in soldiers with high baseline FFM but may not significantly alter biomarker response or physical performance of IET soldiers who have high relative dietary protein intakes.

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Regulation of GLUT4 translocation in an in vitro cell model using postprandial human serum ex vivo

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Antidiabetic effects of a lipophilic extract obtained from flowers of Wisteria sinensis by activating Akt/GLUT4 and Akt/GSK3β

Antidiabetic effects of a lipophilic extract obtained from flowers of Wisteria sinensis by activating Akt/GLUT4 and Akt/GSK3β

Research in phytochemical composition and hypoglycemic activity screening of the dry extracts from bearberry leaves

Whey Protein Supplementation Effects on Body Composition, Performance, and Blood Biomarkers During Army Initial Entry Training

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